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Chronic inflammatory and lymphoproliferative lesions of the equine small intestine.
Abstract: A retrospective study was made of 20 horses with severe and extensive chronic disease of the small intestine. Many of the animals had clinical evidence of malabsorption, with progressive loss of weight, hypoalbuminaemia and sometimes anaemia. All but two of the horses were Thoroughbreds. The pathology was diverse. Nine of the cases were alimentary lymphomas (Platt, 1986) and five had lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltrations in the bowel wall which were considered to be probable reactions to parasitic invasion. One had acute thrombosis associated with partial occlusion of the anterior mesenteric artery by a verminous thrombus, superimposed on granulomatous lesions resulting from earlier ischaemic episodes. Two animals, from one stud, had dense mononuclear infiltration of the intestinal mucosa with villous atropy accompanying an unidentified acid-fast bacillary infection in the mesenteric lymph nodes and other sites. Three horses had granulomatous or lymphogranulomatous infiltration of the small intestine accompanied by marked mucosal and villous atrophy. One of these had multiple abscessation in part of the affected bowel. Only the three latter cases had lesions resembling those of equine granulomatous enteritis and the results of this study indicate the rarity of this condition in Thoroughbreds in Britain. The different types of lesion were only distinguishable by histological examination, since their clinical effects and gross pathology were not characteristic.
Publication Date: 1986-11-01 PubMed ID: 3819046DOI: 10.1016/0021-9975(86)90063-0Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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This study researches chronic diseases of the small intestine in horses, mainly Thoroughbreds, over an extensive period. These diseases are having detrimental effects such as malabsorption, weight loss, and, in some cases, anemia. The study provides a detailed look at microorganisms’ role on it, and it confirms that the rare form of enteritis is seldom seen in Thoroughbreds in Britain.
Method of Research
- The research was a retrospective study conducted on 20 horses with extensive and severe chronic diseases of the small intestine.
- Most studied horses showed clinical signs of malabsorption, including weight loss, reduced albumin levels (hypoalbuminaemia), and in some cases, anemia.
- The pathological observations varied widely among the horses, further highlighting the complex nature of such chronic intestinal conditions.
Findings of the Research
- Out of 20 cases, nine were alimentary lymphomas. These are type of cancer that develops in the lymphatic system, which is part of the body’s immune system.
- Five of the horses had eosinophilic and lymphocytic infiltrations in their bowel walls, indicating probable reactions to parasitic invasions.
- One case reported acute thrombosis connected with partial obstruction in the anterior mesenteric artery due to a verminous thrombus, alongside granulomatous lesions caused by previous ischemic episodes.
- Two horses from the same stud showed signs of extensive mononuclear infiltration within the intestinal mucosa and villous atrophy, accompanied by an unidentified acid-fast bacillary infection at other locations and their mesenteric lymph nodes.
- Another three horses had lymphogranulomatous or granulomatous infiltration in their small intestines, showing significant mucosal and villous atrophy. One of these three had multiple abscessation in part of the affected bowel.
Conclusion of the Research
- Only three out of the 20 studied cases presented lesions similar to those frequently seen in equine granulomatous enteritis. This outcome has suggested the rarity of this type of chronic enteritis condition in Thoroughbreds in Britain.
- The research concluded that various types of lesions resulting from these chronic diseases could only be distinguished through histological examinations. This is because their clinical effects and gross pathology are not characteristic, further emphasizing the complex nature of diagnosing and treating such conditions.
Cite This Article
APA
Platt H.
(1986).
Chronic inflammatory and lymphoproliferative lesions of the equine small intestine.
J Comp Pathol, 96(6), 671-684.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9975(86)90063-0 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Chronic Disease
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Inflammation
- Intestinal Diseases / pathology
- Intestinal Diseases / veterinary
- Intestine, Small / cytology
- Intestine, Small / pathology
- Lymph Nodes / cytology
- Lymph Nodes / pathology
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders / pathology
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Hostetter JM, Uzal FA. Gastrointestinal biopsy in the horse: overview of collection, interpretation, and applications. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022 May;34(3):376-388.
- Rocchigiani G, Ricci E, Navarro MA, Samol MA, Uzal FA. Leukocyte numbers and intestinal mucosal morphometrics in horses with no clinical intestinal disease. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022 May;34(3):389-395.
- Sanford SE. Multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease in a horse. Can Vet J 1989 Mar;30(3):253-4.
- Lowden S, Heath T. Lymphoid tissues of the ileum in young horses: distribution, structure, and epithelium. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1995 Aug;192(2):171-9.
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