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Equine veterinary journal2023; 56(3); 562-572; doi: 10.1111/evj.13962

Clinical effects of a combination of phenylbutazone and omeprazole on chronic lameness in Mongolian horses.

Abstract: Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is the most commonly used drug to treat symptoms of lameness in horses; however, it is associated with adverse effects such as gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). Interestingly, many practitioners prescribe omeprazole (OME) concurrently with PBZ to prevent the development of EGUS. However, the efficacy and safety of this practice in Mongolian horses with chronic lameness remain unknown. Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of a combination of PBZ and OME on chronic lameness in Mongolian horses. Methods: Randomised block experimental design. Methods: Eighteen Mongolian horses with lameness score was ≥3 points, were divided into three treatment groups, with six horses in each group: placebo (CON), PBZ (4.4 mg/kg PO q. 24 h), or PBZ plus OME (4 mg/kg PO q. 24 h; PBZ + OME) in a randomised block design based on the initial lameness score. The horses were treated for 15 days. During this period, weekly gastroscopy, and physiological and biochemical tests were performed. Results: Both PBZ (median 1.0, interquartile range [IQR]: 0.8-1.3; p = 0.01) and PBZ + OME (median 1.0, IQR: 1.0-1.0; p = 0.01) significantly decreased the lameness score compared with before administration. In addition, PBZ significantly increased the equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) score (3.0 ± 0.6, p < 0.001), GT-17 content (293.4 ± 21.8 pg/mL, p < 0.001), and pepsinogen-1 (PG1) content (295.3 ± 38.3 ng/mL, p < 0.001) compared with CON or PBZ + OME. However, it significantly reduced the total protein (53.6 ± 1.5 g/L, p < 0.05) and albumin (25.5 ± 1.8 g/L, p < 0.05) contents. Nevertheless, compared with PBZ, PBZ + OME significantly decreased the EGGD score (0.3 ± 0.5, p < 0.001) and significantly increased the gastric fluid pH (7.3 ± 0.5, p < 0.001), total protein content (62.5 ± 4.6 g/L, p = 0.009), and albumin content (29.4 ± 1.1 g/L, p = 0.004). Meanwhile, they significantly diminished the gastrin 17 (GT-17) (162.0 ± 21.0 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and PG1 (182.4 ± 22.5 ng/mL, p < 0.001) contents. Conclusions: Individual differences in horses were larger, but the sample size was small. There was larger interval between observations for each index. Conclusions: Compared with PBZ alone, PBZ + OME had no therapeutic effect on chronic lameness; however, it reduced the occurrence of EGGD in Mongolian horses. Horses may be protected against chronic lameness and PBZ-induced EGGD by increasing the pH value, decreasing serum PG1 and GT-17 content, and preventing the reduction of myeloperoxidase content.
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Publication Date: 2023-06-19 PubMed ID: 37337455DOI: 10.1111/evj.13962Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explores the effects of a combination of Phenylbutazone and Omeprazole on chronic lameness in Mongolian horses. The study found that while the combination didn’t offer an improvement on lameness itself, it reduced the occurrence of equine glandular gastric disease, a common side-effect of Phenylbutazone treatment.

Objective

Mongolian horses suffering from chronic lameness have routinely been treated with Phenylbutazone (PBZ), but PBZ usage is often accompanied by adverse reactions like equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD). In some cases, Omeprazole (OME) is administered along with PBZ to mitigate these side effects. This study aims to examine the clinical impact of using both PBZ and OME for treating chronic lameness in Mongolian horses.

Methods

  • The researchers used a Randomised block experimental design in their study.
  • They selected 18 Mongolian horses, each suffering from chronic lameness. These horses were further divided into three groups of six: placebo, PBZ, and PBZ + OME.
  • Horses were subjected to their respective treatments for 15 days.
  • During this period, weekly gastroscopy exams were performed, along with various physiological and biochemical analyses.

Results

  • The PBZ-only and PBZ+OME treatment groups showed a significant improvement in lameness compared to pre-administration.
  • PBZ-only treatments increased the EGGD scores, decreased total protein and albumin contents, and elevated GT-17 and PG1 content in comparison to the placebo group and the PBZ+OME group.
  • Contrarily, the group receiving PBZ+OME treatment showed a significant decline in EGGD score, an increase in gastric fluid pH, total protein, and albumin content, and decreased GT-17 and PG1 content compared to the PBZ-only group.

Conclusions

The study concludes that the combination of PBZ and OME does not improve chronic lameness in Mongolian horses relative to PBZ alone. However, PBZ+OME treatment reduces the incidence of PBZ-induced EGGD in these horses. The findings suggest that these horses possibly could be protected against chronic lameness and EGGD by increasing the pH value, reducing serum PG1 and GT-17 content, and preventing the reduction of myeloperoxidase content. The researchers also acknowledge limitations such as small sample size and variability among the horses, and intervals between the observations of different indicators.

Cite This Article

APA
Li Z, Du S, Wang X, Zhang L, Liu X, Fan Q, Yang H, Gao R. (2023). Clinical effects of a combination of phenylbutazone and omeprazole on chronic lameness in Mongolian horses. Equine Vet J, 56(3), 562-572. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13962

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 56
Issue: 3
Pages: 562-572

Researcher Affiliations

Li, Zhengyi
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Du, Shan
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Wang, Xiaomin
  • Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, Karaqin Banner, Chifeng, China.
Zhang, Lanxin
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Liu, Xinyu
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Fan, Quanrong
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Yang, Huidi
  • College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
Gao, Ruifeng
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Omeprazole
  • Lameness, Animal / drug therapy
  • Lameness, Animal / prevention & control
  • Phenylbutazone / therapeutic use
  • Phenylbutazone / adverse effects
  • Stomach Ulcer / drug therapy
  • Stomach Ulcer / prevention & control
  • Stomach Ulcer / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
  • Horse Diseases / chemically induced
  • Albumins / adverse effects

Grant Funding

  • 32160247 / National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • 32160856 / National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • 2020MS03059 / Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia
  • SHANXUE project of Inner Mongolia Medical University

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Vokes JR, Gedye KR, Lovett AL, de Kantzow MC, Shan R, Steel CM, Sykes BW. Evaluation of Two Commercial ELISA Kits for Measuring Equine Serum Gastrin Compared to Radioimmunoassay. Animals (Basel) 2024 Oct 11;14(20).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14202937pubmed: 39457867google scholar: lookup
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