Clonal complex Pseudomonas aeruginosa in horses.
Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with infectious endometritis in horses. Although infectious endometritis is often considered a venereal infection, there is relatively limited genotypic-based evidence to support this mode of transmission. The study sought to determine the relatedness between genital P. aeruginosa isolates collected from a limited geographical region using molecular strain typing. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR typing was performed on 93 isolates collected between 2005 and 2009 from 2058 thoroughbred horses (including 18 stallions) at 66 studs. While P. aeruginosa was not detected in the stallions, 53/93 (57%) mares harbouring P. aeruginosa had clonally related strains, which included a single dominant genotype detected in 42 (45%) mares from 13 different studs. These novel findings suggest that most equine genital P. aeruginosa infections in this region may have been acquired from mechanisms other than direct horse to horse transmission. Instead, other potential acquisition pathways, as well as strain specific adaptation to the equine genital tract, should be investigated.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2010-12-01 PubMed ID: 21183294DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.11.030Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research aims to understand the transmission mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-related infectious endometritis in horses by analyzing the relatedness of the bacteria strains. The study found that most cases may not be due to direct transmission between horses, suggesting other possible routes and adaptation of the bacteria strain to the horses reproductive system for infection.
Introduction to Research Topic
- The research focuses on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacteria strain implicated in causing infectious endometritis in horses. Endometritis is generally considered as a sexually transmitted infection. However, this study questions such commonly held belief due to the limited genotypic evidence supporting this mode of transmission.
Research Methodology
- The study involves using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR typing to identify the genetic relatedness of P. aeruginosa strains. This method can reveal distinct genotypic patterns to distinguish bacterial strains.
- It deployed this typing technique on 93 bacterial isolates from a limited geographical region collected between 2005 and 2009.
- The samples were collected from 2058 thoroughbred horses at 66 studs, including 18 stallions.
Findings and Analysis
- Interestingly, no traces of P. aeruginosa were found in the stallions, causing the researchers to doubt the assumption of it being a venereal disease.
- Out of the 93 samples, 53 (57%) were found to have clonally related strains, i.e. genetically nearly identical, indicating a common source of infection.
- A single dominant genotype was detected in 42 (45%) mares from 13 different studs, suggesting a common origin and potential spread mechanism not related to direct horse-to-horse contact.
Implications and Further Research
- The findings challenge the conventional understanding of the transmission mode of P. aeruginosa related endometritis in horses. This may affect disease control measures and guidelines.
- Further research needs to be conducted to investigate other potential acquisition pathways, such as environmental contacts, water or food sources, or vector-borne transmission.
- The study also hints at possible strain-specific adaptation to the equine genital tract which might have facilitated infection. More detailed genetic and physiological studies may shed light on this aspect.
Cite This Article
APA
Kidd TJ, Gibson JS, Moss S, Greer RM, Cobbold RN, Wright JD, Ramsay KA, Grimwood K, Bell SC.
(2010).
Clonal complex Pseudomonas aeruginosa in horses.
Vet Microbiol, 149(3-4), 508-512.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.11.030 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Children's Hospital, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. Tim_Kidd@health.qld.gov.au
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- DNA, Bacterial / genetics
- Female
- Genotype
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses / microbiology
- Male
- Multilocus Sequence Typing
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Pseudomonas Infections / microbiology
- Pseudomonas Infections / veterinary
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa / classification
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa / genetics
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa / isolation & purification
- Queensland
- Reproductive Tract Infections / microbiology
- Reproductive Tract Infections / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 12 times.- Lerdsittikul V, Thongdee M, Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan S, Atithep T, Apiratwarrasakul S, Withatanung P, Clokie MRJ, Korbsrisate S. A novel virulent Litunavirus phage possesses therapeutic value against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep 2022 Dec 7;12(1):21193.
- Baik H, Cho J. Effect of sweet potato purple acid phosphatase on Pseudomonas aeruginosa flagellin-mediated inflammatory response in A549 cells. Anim Biosci 2023 Feb;36(2):315-321.
- Hematzadeh A, Haghkhah M. Biotyping of isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from human infections by RAPD and ERIC-PCR. Heliyon 2021 Sep;7(9):e07967.
- Ruiz-Roldán L, Rojo-Bezares B, de Toro M, López M, Toledano P, Lozano C, Chichón G, Alvarez-Erviti L, Torres C, Sáenz Y. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence of Pseudomonas spp. among healthy animals: concern about exolysin ExlA detection. Sci Rep 2020 Jul 15;10(1):11667.
- de Melo ACC, da Mata Gomes A, Melo FL, Ardisson-Araújo DMP, de Vargas APC, Ely VL, Kitajima EW, Ribeiro BM, Wolff JLC. Characterization of a bacteriophage with broad host range against strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from domestic animals. BMC Microbiol 2019 Jun 17;19(1):134.
- Odumosu BT, Ajetunmobi O, Dada-Adegbola H, Odutayo I. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern and analysis of plasmid profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from human, animal and plant sources. Springerplus 2016;5(1):1381.
- Han MM, Mu LZ, Liu XP, Zhao J, Liu XF, Liu H. ERIC-PCR genotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from haemorrhagic pneumonia cases in mink. Vet Rec Open 2014;1(1):e000043.
- Haenni M, Hocquet D, Ponsin C, Cholley P, Guyeux C, Madec JY, Bertrand X. Population structure and antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from animal infections in France. BMC Vet Res 2015 Jan 21;11:9.
- Kidd TJ, Ritchie SR, Ramsay KA, Grimwood K, Bell SC, Rainey PB. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibits frequent recombination, but only a limited association between genotype and ecological setting. PLoS One 2012;7(9):e44199.
- Kabir A, Lamichhane B, Habib T, Adams A, El-Sheikh Ali H, Slovis NM, Troedsson MHT, Helmy YA. Antimicrobial Resistance in Equines: A Growing Threat to Horse Health and Beyond-A Comprehensive Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024 Jul 29;13(8).
- Scholtz M, Guthrie AJ, Newton R, Schulman ML. Review of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae as venereal pathogens in horses. Equine Vet J 2025 May;57(3):587-597.
- Lupo A, Haenni M, Madec JY. Antimicrobial Resistance in Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Microbiol Spectr 2018 Jun;6(3).
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