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Microorganisms2019; 7(12); 667; doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7120667

Clostridioides (Clostridium) Difficile in Food-Producing Animals, Horses and Household Pets: A Comprehensive Review.

Abstract: is ubiquitous in the environment and is also considered as a bacterium of great importance in diarrhea-associated disease for humans and different animal species. Food animals and household pets are frequently found positive for toxigenic without exposing clinical signs of infection. Humans and animals share common ribotypes (RTs) suggesting potential zoonotic transmission. However, the role of animals for the development of human infection due to remains unclear. One major public health issue is the existence of asymptomatic animals that carry and shed the bacterium to the environment, and infect individuals or populations, directly or through the food chain. ribotype 078 is frequently isolated from food animals and household pets as well as from their environment. Nevertheless, direct evidence for the transmission of this particular ribotype from animals to humans has never been established. This review will summarize the current available data on epidemiology, clinical presentations, risk factors and laboratory diagnosis of infection in food animals and household pets, outline potential prevention and control strategies, and also describe the current evidence towards a zoonotic potential of infection.
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Publication Date: 2019-12-09 PubMed ID: 31835413PubMed Central: PMC6955671DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120667Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article provides a comprehensive review on the bacterium Clostridioides (Clostridium) Difficile, which is commonly linked with diarrhea-related diseases in humans and various animal species. It explores the presence of this bacterium in food-producing animals, horses and household pets, the potential for zoonotic transmission, and its role in causing human infections.

Introduction

  • This research study focuses on Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile, a bacterium that is commonly associated with diarrhea in both humans and various animal species.
  • The bacterium is frequently present in food animals and household pets, often without these animals showing any signs of infection.

Zoonotic Transmission and Public Health Issues

  • The findings reveal a potential for zoonotic transmission, as humans and animals share common ribotypes (RTs) of Clostridioides difficile.
  • However, the study acknowledges that the role of animals in developing human infections from this bacterium is still unclear.
  • One significant public health issue highlighted is the existence of asymptomatic animals carrying the bacterium and thus potentially spreading it to humans either directly or via the food chain.

Clostridioides Difficile Ribotype 078

  • One specific strain, known as ribotype 078, is frequently isolated from food animals, household pets, and their environment.
  • Despite its prevalence, the research notes that there has been no direct evidence of this ribotype being transmitted from animals to humans.

Overview of Infection in Animals and Control Strategies

  • The review provides a summary of the available data on the prevalence, risk factors, clinical presentations, and laboratory diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile infection in food animals and household pets.
  • It further outlines potential prevention and control strategies to tackle the spread of this bacterium.
  • The study also delves into current evidence supporting the idea of a zoonotic potential for the infection, highlighting the need for more research in this area.

Cite This Article

APA
Kachrimanidou M, Tzika E, Filioussis G. (2019). Clostridioides (Clostridium) Difficile in Food-Producing Animals, Horses and Household Pets: A Comprehensive Review. Microorganisms, 7(12), 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7120667

Publication

Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
NlmUniqueID: 101625893
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 7
Issue: 12
PII: 667

Researcher Affiliations

Kachrimanidou, Melina
  • First Department of Microbiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Tzika, Eleni
  • Farm Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Filioussis, George
  • Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

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