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Home / Equine Research Bank / Heliyon / Co-infection of Peruvian horse sickness virus and West Nile ...
Heliyon2022; 8(12); e12097; doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12097

Co-infection of Peruvian horse sickness virus and West Nile virus associated with neurological diseases in horses from Brazil.

Abstract: In 2018, during the surveillance for West Nile virus (WNV) in horses with neurological clinical signs in the state of Espírito Santo (Brazil), 19 animals were investigated, and 52 biological samples were collected for WNV diagnostic. One brain sample was positive for WNV by RT-qPCR and the virus was isolated in C6/36 cell culture and sequenced. We obtained a nearly complete genome of WNV co-infected with Peruvian horse sickness virus (PHSV) in the cell culture. After confirmation of PHSV by next-generation sequencing, a new PHSV RT-qPCR protocol was developed, which was used to detect another horse positive only for PHSV. This assay provides a simple and direct method for easy identification of PHSV from biological samples from horses and may become a useful tool in the epidemiological surveillance of this virus. It is the first case of PHSV in Brazil, and only the third country overall to report, 23 years after the first confirmed notification in Peru. Moreover, it is the first reported co-infection of PHSV and WNV in a horse with neurological signs, confirmed by RT-qPCR.
© 2022 The Authors.
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Publication Date: 2022-12-05 PubMed ID: 36561679PubMed Central: PMC9763762DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12097Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article discusses the surveillance of West Nile Virus (WNV) in horses with neurological symptoms in Brazil, in 2018. During the process, a new virus known as Peruvian Horse Sickness Virus (PHSV) was detected for the first time in Brazil, and it was also the first acknowledged case of a horse being co-infected with both PHSV and WNV.

Research Methodology

  • The study was carried out on 19 horses with neurological symptoms from Espírito Santo (Brazil).
  • 52 biological samples were collected for WNV diagnosis.
  • Reverse Transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was used as the diagnostic technique.
  • Out of the 52 samples, one brain sample tested positive for WNV.
  • The positive sample was isolated in a C6/36 cell culture and then sequenced.

Major Findings

  • The scientists obtained a nearly complete genome of WNV that was co-infected with PHSV.
  • After confirming the presence of PHSV via next-generation sequencing, a new PHSV RT-qPCR protocol was established.
  • This new protocol helped to identify another horse that was positive only for PHSV.
  • The study confirmed the first case of PHSV in Brazil, marking the country as one of the three worldwide reporting the virus, 23 years after the first detection in Peru.

Conclusions and Implications

  • The newly designed RT-qPCR protocol provided a simple and direct method for easy identification of PHSV from samples from horses.
  • This new test could prove to be a vital tool in epidemiological surveillance of the virus.
  • The case also marked the first reported co-infection of PHSV and WNV in a horse with neurological signs, further highlighting the need for comprehensive viral testing in animals showing neurological symptoms.

Cite This Article

APA
Patroca da Silva S, Barbosa de Almeida Medeiros D, Ribeiro Cruz AC, Marques França AF, Diniz Nunes BT, Guerreiro Rodrigues DS, Pinto da Silva EV, Almada GL, Neves Casseb LM, Correia Rodrigues da Cunha MA, Dias Pestana Santos MG, Dilcher M, Britto SG, Martins Romano AP, Chiang JO, Martins LC. (2022). Co-infection of Peruvian horse sickness virus and West Nile virus associated with neurological diseases in horses from Brazil. Heliyon, 8(12), e12097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12097

Publication

Heliyon
ISSN: 2405-8440
NlmUniqueID: 101672560
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 12
Pages: e12097
PII: e12097

Researcher Affiliations

Patroca da Silva, Sandro
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Barbosa de Almeida Medeiros, Daniele
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Ribeiro Cruz, Ana Cecília
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Marques França, Ana Flávia
  • Secretariat of Health of Espírito Santo state, Av. Mal. Mascarenhas de Moraes, 2025 - Bento Ferreira, 29050-755, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Diniz Nunes, Bruno Tardelli
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Guerreiro Rodrigues, Daniela Sueli
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Pinto da Silva, Eliana Vieira
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Almada, Gilton Luiz
  • Secretariat of Health of Espírito Santo state, Av. Mal. Mascarenhas de Moraes, 2025 - Bento Ferreira, 29050-755, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Neves Casseb, Lívia Medeiros
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Correia Rodrigues da Cunha, Marcos Antônio
  • Secretariat of Health of Espírito Santo state, Av. Mal. Mascarenhas de Moraes, 2025 - Bento Ferreira, 29050-755, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Dias Pestana Santos, Maria Guadalupe
  • Secretariat of Health of Venécia Municipality, Rua Ibiraçu, 26, Bairro Margareth, Nova Venécia/ES, CEP 29.830-000, Venécia, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Dilcher, Meik
  • Microbiology Department, Canterbury Health Laboratories, 524 Hagley Avenue, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.
Britto, Sávio Guimarães
  • Secretariat of Health of Espírito Santo state, Av. Mal. Mascarenhas de Moraes, 2025 - Bento Ferreira, 29050-755, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Martins Romano, Alessandro Pecego
  • Ministry of Health, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Chiang, Jannifer Oliveira
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Martins, Lívia Caricio
  • Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, BR 316, Km 07, s/n CEP 67.030-000, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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