Comparative assessment of human and farm animal faecal microbiota using real-time quantitative PCR.
Abstract: Pollution of the environment by human and animal faecal pollution affects the safety of shellfish, drinking water and recreational beaches. To pinpoint the origin of contaminations, it is essential to define the differences between human microbiota and that of farm animals. A strategy based on real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays was therefore developed and applied to compare the composition of intestinal microbiota of these two groups. Primers were designed to quantify the 16S rRNA gene from dominant and subdominant bacterial groups. TaqMan probes were defined for the qPCR technique used for dominant microbiota. Human faecal microbiota was compared with that of farm animals using faecal samples collected from rabbits, goats, horses, pigs, sheep and cows. Three dominant bacterial groups (Bacteroides/Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides and Bifidobacterium) of the human microbiota showed differential population levels in animal species. The Clostridium leptum group showed the lowest differences among human and farm animal species. Human subdominant bacterial groups were highly variable in animal species. Partial least squares regression indicated that the human microbiota could be distinguished from all farm animals studied. This culture-independent comparative assessment of the faecal microbiota between humans and farm animals will prove useful in identifying biomarkers of human and animal faecal contaminations that can be applied to microbial source tracking methods.
Publication Date: 2009-03-19 PubMed ID: 19302550DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00671.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
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Summary
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The research article presents a study where the faecal microbiota in humans and farm animals was assessed and compared using a method called real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The goal was to better understand the differences in these microbiota to improve tracking of faecal contamination sources, which affect environmental safety.
Study Approach
- The researchers used a strategy based on real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays to compare the composition of intestinal microbiota of humans and farm animals.
- Human faecal microbiota was compared with that of various farm animals such as rabbits, goats, horses, pigs, sheep, and cows. Faecal samples from these animals were collected and analysed using the qPCR method.
- The team designed special primers for the qPCR assessments to quantify a bacterial gene known as 16S rRNA from dominant and subdominant bacterial groups.
Results and Findings
- The study found significant variations in certain bacterial groups between human and animal faecal microbiota. Three dominant bacterial groups in humans (Bacteroides/Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides, and Bifidobacterium) showed different population levels in the studied animal species.
- The Clostridium leptum group was identified as having the least differences between humans and the various farm animal species.
- Additionally, subdominant bacteria in human faecal microbiota were found to be highly variable across animal species.
- The team used a method called partial least squares regression in their analysis, and their results indicated that human microbiota could be clearly distinguished from all the farm animals they studied.
Implications and Applications
- The researchers suggest that their comparative assessment can be helpful in identifying biomarkers of human and animal faecal contamination. This could improve methods for tracking the sources of microbial contamination.
- The findings could also be beneficial for environmental safety measures, particularly in relation to contamination of shellfish, drinking water, and recreational beaches. By understanding the distinct markers of human and different animal microbiota, it would be easier and more accurate to trace the origin of faecal contamination in such cases.
Cite This Article
APA
Furet JP, Firmesse O, Gourmelon M, Bridonneau C, Tap J, Mondot S, Doré J, Corthier G.
(2009).
Comparative assessment of human and farm animal faecal microbiota using real-time quantitative PCR.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol, 68(3), 351-362.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00671.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- INRA, U910, Unité d'Ecologie et de Physiologie du Système Digestif, Jouy-en-Josas, France. jean-pierre.furet@jouy.inra.fr
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Animals, Domestic / microbiology
- Bacteroides / classification
- Bacteroides / genetics
- Bacteroides / isolation & purification
- Bifidobacterium / classification
- Bifidobacterium / genetics
- Bifidobacterium / isolation & purification
- Clostridium / classification
- Clostridium / genetics
- Clostridium / isolation & purification
- DNA, Bacterial / genetics
- Feces / microbiology
- Humans
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
Citations
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