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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can J Vet Res / Comparative pharmacokinetics of yohimbine in steers, horses ...
Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire1988; 52(2); 172-176;

Comparative pharmacokinetics of yohimbine in steers, horses and dogs.

Abstract: In steers, horses and dogs, the comparative pharmacokinetics of yohimbine were determined using model-independent analysis. The intravenous dose of yohimbine was 0.25 mg/kg of body weight in steers, 0.075 or 0.15 mg/kg in horses, and 0.4 mg/kg in dogs. The mean residence time (+/- SD) of yohimbine was 86.7 +/- 46.2 min in steers, 106.2 +/- 72.1 to 118.7 +/- 35.0 min in horses, and 163.6 +/- 49.7 min in dogs. The mean apparent volume of distribution of yohimbine at steady state was 4.9 +/- 1.4 L/kg for steers, 2.7 +/- 1.0 to 4.6 +/- 1.9 L/kg for horses, and 4.5 +/- 1.8 L/kg for dogs. The total body clearance of yohimbine was 69.6 +/- 35.1 mL/min/kg for steers, 34.0 +/- 19.4 to 39.6 +/- 16.6 mL/min/kg for horses, and 29.6 +/- 14.7 mL/min/kg for dogs. Between-species comparisons indicated that the mean area under the serum concentration versus time curve was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in dogs than in horses. There were no significant differences (P greater than 0.05) between the means for the apparent volume of distribution, clearance, mean residence time, terminal rate constant, and area under the curve between horses given the two doses of yohimbine. The harmonic mean effective half-life (+/- pseudo standard deviation) of yohimbine was 46.7 +/- 24.4 min in steers, 52.8 +/- 27.8 to 76.1 +/- 23.1 min in horses, and 104.1 +/- 32.1 min in dogs. The data may explain why steers, horses, and dogs given certain sedatives and anesthetics do not relapse when aroused by an intravenous injection of yohimbine hydrochloride.
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Publication Date: 1988-04-01 PubMed ID: 3370551PubMed Central: PMC1255422
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research aims to study the varied effects of the drug Yohimbine on different species – specifically steers, horses, and dogs. It finds that there are variations in how the drug is metabolized and cleared from their bodies, which could explain why these animals do not relapse when given certain sedatives and anesthetics combined with an intravenous injection of Yohimbine Hydrochloride.

Research Methodology

  • The study involved a comparative pharmacokinetic analysis, studying the bodily reaction to the drug Yohimbine in different creatures – steers, horses, and dogs. In simpler words, it aimed to measure the time taken for the body to metabolize and eliminate the drug.
  • Researchers administered an intravenous dose of Yohimbine at different concentrations per kilogram of body weight in the three types of animals.
  • The researchers then studied different parameters such as mean residence time, apparent volume of distribution, and total body clearance of Yohimbine in these animals. They also compared the area under the serum concentration versus the time curve, which is one of the accepted measures of bioavailability of a drug.

Research Findings

  • The study found the mean residence time of Yohimbine to be the highest in dogs, followed by horses and steers. This shows that Yohimbine stays in the bodies of dogs for the longest time, implying that dogs metabolize the drug more slowly.
  • The study also found a marked difference in the total body clearance, or the rate at which the drug was eliminated from the body. Compared to steers and horses, dogs showed the slowest rate of clearance.
  • When studying the area under the curve, it was found that dogs had a significantly higher value compared to horses, further confirming slower metabolism and processing of the drug in dogs.
  • There was no significant difference in means for the studied parameters (like volume of distribution, clearance, mean residence time, terminal rate constant, and area under the curve) between horses when given the drug at two different doses. This suggests that the drug’s reaction does not drastically change with different doses in horses.

Conclusions

  • The research found that Yohimbine has different pharmacokinetics in steers, horses and dogs, which can explain their differential responses to the combination of sedatives, anesthetics, and Yohimbine.
  • This research can be particularly useful in the medical treatment of these animals, helping clinicians make more informed decisions about drug usage,
  • However, more detailed studies might be required to understand the exact implications of these findings and how these differences can be leveraged for better animal treatment.

Cite This Article

APA
Jernigan AD, Wilson RC, Booth NH, Hatch RC, Akbari A. (1988). Comparative pharmacokinetics of yohimbine in steers, horses and dogs. Can J Vet Res, 52(2), 172-176.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 0830-9000
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 52
Issue: 2
Pages: 172-176

Researcher Affiliations

Jernigan, A D
  • Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
Wilson, R C
    Booth, N H
      Hatch, R C
        Akbari, A

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Cattle / metabolism
          • Dogs / metabolism
          • Female
          • Horses / metabolism
          • Male
          • Yohimbine / pharmacokinetics

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          Citations

          This article has been cited 2 times.
          1. Seddighi R, Doherty TJ. Anesthesia of the geriatric equine. Vet Med (Auckl) 2012;3:53-64.
            doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S34162pubmed: 30101084google scholar: lookup
          2. Kinabo LD, McKellar QA. Current models in pharmacokinetics: applications in veterinary pharmacology. Vet Res Commun 1989;13(2):141-57.
            doi: 10.1007/BF00346724pubmed: 2672556google scholar: lookup
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