Comparison between Allogenic and Xenogenic Bone Blocks on the Osteogenic Potential of Cultured Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: Confocal Laser and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare between equine and human bone blocks in the osteogenic differentiation of cultured human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) at 14 and 21 days of culture, using confocal laser microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Methods: cultures of commercially obtained hPDLSCs were seeded onto equine and human bone blocks. At 14 days and 21 days of culture, confocal laser microscope images were obtained to assess cellular differentiation and adhesion, and scanning electron microscope images were obtained to validate the osteogenic differentiation by showing the morphological characteristics of the new bone cells. Results: Both equine and human bone blocks showed positive staining for newly formed bone cells through the confocal laser microscope analysis, however, a higher signal intensity was expressed at 21 days of culture. These findings indicate the biocompatibility of hPDLSC with both types of bone blocks, cellular differentiation, and adhesion. Scanning electron microscopy images validated the osteogenic differentiation by showing the common characteristics of bone cells as flattened, polygonal morphology with multiple extending cytoplasmic processes. Conclusions: Both equine and human bone blocks were able to confirm the osteogenic capability of seeded human PDLSC. There was no significant difference between equine and human bone blocks on the human PDLSC differentiation. Superior osteogenic differentiation of cultured hPDLSCs was evident at 21 days in comparison to 14 days.
Copyright: © 2021 International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research.
Publication Date: 2021-04-08 PubMed ID: 33912425PubMed Central: PMC8061614DOI: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_363_20Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The study aimed to compare the influence of horse and human bone blocks on the bone cell development of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) over a period of 14 and 21 days; confocal laser microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the observations. The study found that both types of bone blocks aided the development of new bone cells and there was no significant difference between the two. Furthermore, more advanced bone cell development was observed at 21 days compared to 14 days.
Methodology
- Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were commercially obtained and cultured on bone blocks derived from horses (equine) and humans.
- Confocal laser microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the cells at 14 and 21 days into the culture. Confocal laser microscopy was used to observe cellular differentiation (change from one cell type to a more specialized type) and adhesion (cell’s ability to stick to each other or to their surroundings).
- Scanning electron microscopy was used to confirm the growth of new bone cells by identifying the typical characteristics of bone cells.
Results
- The results showed a positive stain for newly formed bone cells in both equine and human bone blocks through the confocal laser microscope analysis. The signal’s intensity was found to be higher at 21 days of culture.
- The resulting cells showed common characteristics of bone cells such as having a flattened, polygonal shape with multiple cytoplasmic extensions under the scanning electron microscope.
- The observations confirmed the biocompatibility of hPDLSCs with both types of bone blocks, as they properly differentiated and adhered, indicating healthy cell growth.
Conclusion
- Both the equin and human bone blocks confirmed the bone cell development capability of the seeded human PDLSCs.
- No significant difference was found between using horse and human bone blocks in terms of influencing the differentiation of the hPDLSCs.
- More advanced bone cell development was found at 21 days in comparison to 14 days. This implies that a longer culture period may potentially result in better outcomes for bone cell differentiation using this method.
Cite This Article
APA
Mukhtar AH, Alqutub MN.
(2021).
Comparison between Allogenic and Xenogenic Bone Blocks on the Osteogenic Potential of Cultured Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: Confocal Laser and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study.
Int J Appl Basic Med Res, 11(2), 75-79.
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_363_20 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Conflict of Interest Statement
There are no conflicts of interest.
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Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Alqutub MN, Mukhtar AH, Alali Y, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Seeded on Equine-Derived Xenograft in Osteogenic Growth Media.. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 Oct 25;58(11).
- Malagón-Escandón A, Hautefeuille M, Jimenez-Díaz E, Arenas-Alatorre J, Saniger JM, Badillo-Ramírez I, Vazquez N, Piñón-Zarate G, Castell-Rodríguez A. Three-Dimensional Porous Scaffolds Derived from Bovine Cancellous Bone Matrix Promote Osteoinduction, Osteoconduction, and Osteogenesis.. Polymers (Basel) 2021 Dec 15;13(24).
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