Comparison of bronchoalveolar lavage and respiratory secretion cytology in horses with histologically diagnosed pulmonary disease.
Abstract: Equine bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collected from 70 horses and respiratory secretions (RS) obtained from 61 of these horses were evaluated cytologically and grouped according to the histological diagnosis of the lungs from which they were obtained. The histological categories included: normal lung (8 horses); pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration (9 horses); interstitial pneumonia (5 horses); pulmonary hemorrhage (5 horses); and mild (12 horses), moderate (7 horses) and severe (24 horses) chronic small airway disease. In horses with pulmonary disease, all BAL samples and all but one RS sample differed cytologically to those obtained from normal horses; however, the type and severity of the pulmonary disease could not always be determined using either BAL or RS cytology. There was a positive association between the percentage of neutrophils in BAL and the neutrophil scores in RS specimens; there was no positive association between other cell types.
Publication Date: 1991-01-01 PubMed ID: 2063168
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research article focuses on the comparison between bronchoalveolar lavage and respiratory secretion cytology in horses diagnosed with pulmonary disease, to assess the cytological differences observed in horses with different kinds of lung conditions.
Research Context
- This study was conducted on 70 horses suffering from different types of lung diseases such as pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration, interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary hemorrhage and chronic small airway disease of varying severity.
- As part of the process, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and respiratory secretion (RS) samples were collected from these horses and evaluated cytologically.
Main Findings
- The results revealed that, in all cases, the BAL fluid and RS samples obtained from horses suffering from pulmonary disease exhibited cytological differences when compared to those collected from healthy horses.
- However, it was also found that the type and severity of the lung disease couldn’t always be determined by using either BAL or RS cytology alone. Hence, cytological analysis of either sample type could not be relied upon to provide a definitive diagnosis of all types of lung disease in horses.
- A notable correlation was found between the percentage of neutrophils in BAL samples and the neutrophil scores in RS samples, indicating that neutrophil levels could possibly serve as a common cytological marker in both kinds of samples.
- No similar association was found for other cell types, suggesting that their levels might not carry the same level of significance for diagnostic purposes.
Implications
- These findings suggest that while cytological evaluation of BAL and RS samples can show differences between healthy and diseased horses, it may not always provide adequate diagnostic information about the specific type or severity of the underlying lung disease.
- The positive association between neutrophil counts in both the BAL and RS samples may however present an opportunity for further research into its potential utility as a cytological marker for lung disease in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Winder NC, Grünig G, Hermann M, von Fellenberg R.
(1991).
Comparison of bronchoalveolar lavage and respiratory secretion cytology in horses with histologically diagnosed pulmonary disease.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 133(3), 123-130.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / cytology
- Cell Count / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Lung Diseases / pathology
- Lung Diseases / veterinary
- Respiratory System / metabolism
- Respiratory System / pathology
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Rossi H, Virtala AM, Raekallio M, Rahkonen E, Rajamäki MM, Mykkänen A. Comparison of Tracheal Wash and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology in 154 Horses With and Without Respiratory Signs in a Referral Hospital Over 2009-2015. Front Vet Sci 2018;5:61.
- Hare JE, Viel L, Conlon PD, Marshall JS. Evaluation of an in vitro degranulation challenge procedure for equine pulmonary mast cells. Can J Vet Res 1998 Apr;62(2):133-9.
- Foster R, Veras MM, Bachi ALL, Amaral JBD, Yariwake VY, Waked D, Rodrigues ACB, Farrajota M, Pires RP, Pantaleão K, Dos Santos JMB, Damian FH, Saldiva PH, Vaisberg MW. Inflammatory Status in Trained and Untrained Mice at Different Pollution Levels. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2024 Jun 23;21(7).
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