Comparison of efficacy and duration of effect on corneal sensitivity among anesthetic agents following ocular administration in clinically normal horses.
Abstract: To compare efficacy and duration of effect on corneal sensitivity of 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride, 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride, and 2% mepivacaine hydrochloride solutions following ocular administration in clinically normal horses. Methods: 68 clinically normal horses. Methods: 60 horses were assigned to receive 1 anesthetic agent in 1 eye. For each of another 8 horses, 1 eye was treated with each of the anesthetic agents in random order with a 1-week washout period between treatments. Corneal sensitivity was assessed via corneal touch threshold (CTT) measurements obtained with a Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer before and at 1 minute, at 5-minute intervals from 5 to 60 minutes, and at 10-minute intervals from 60 to 90 minutes after application of 0.2 mL of anesthetic agent. General linear mixed models were fitted to the CTT data from each of the 2 experimental groups to assess the effects of the anesthetic agents over time, accounting for repeated observations within individual horses. Results: Corneal sensitivity decreased immediately following topical application of each anesthetic agent; effects persisted for 35 minutes for proparacaine and mepivacaine treatments, 45 minutes for lidocaine treatment, and 60 minutes for bupivacaine treatment. Maximal CTT reduction was achieved following application of bupivacaine or proparacaine solution, whereas mepivacaine solution was least effective. Conclusions: Ocular application of each evaluated anesthetic agent reduced corneal sensitivity in horses; although 0.5% proparacaine or 2% lidocaine solution appeared to induce adequate short-duration corneal anesthesia, use of 0.5% bupivacaine solution may be more appropriate for procedures requiring longer periods of corneal anesthesia.
Publication Date: 2013-02-27 PubMed ID: 23438124DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.74.3.459Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article presents a comparative study of the effectiveness and lasting effect of different anesthetic agents on the corneal sensitivity of horses. The study examined four types of anesthetic agents and their effect over time after ocular administration.
Methods
- The study involved 68 clinically normal horses with 60 horses receiving one type of anesthetic agent in one eye.
- The remaining eight horses had each eye treated with a different anesthetic agent in random order with a one-week washout period between treatments. This allowed a thorough comparison of each anesthetic’s effect on the same horse.
- The chosen anesthetic agents for this study were 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride, 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride, and 2% mepivacaine hydrochloride solutions.
- Corneal sensitivity was measured using a Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer to record Corneal Touch Threshold (CTT) measurements before and at regular intervals after the application of the anesthetic agent.
Results
- Results showed an immediate decrease in corneal sensitivity following the application of each anesthetic agent. The effects of proparacaine and mepivacaine treatments were seen for 35 minutes, lidocaine for 45 minutes, and bupivacaine for 60 minutes.
- Based on the maximum CTT reduction, bupivacaine or proparacaine solution was found most effective while mepivacaine solution had the least effect.
- The gathered data was analyzed using General Linear Mixed Models to assess the effects of the anesthetic agents over time, as this type of analysis can account for repeated observations within individual horses.
Conclusions
- All the anesthetic agents evaluated in the study proved to reduce corneal sensitivity in horses.
- The study concluded that while 0.5% proparacaine or 2% lidocaine solution were suitable for inducing short-duration corneal anesthesia, the use of 0.5% bupivacaine solution might be more suitable for procedures that required longer periods of corneal anesthesia.
Cite This Article
APA
Pucket JD, Allbaugh RA, Rankin AJ, Ou Z, Bello NM.
(2013).
Comparison of efficacy and duration of effect on corneal sensitivity among anesthetic agents following ocular administration in clinically normal horses.
Am J Vet Res, 74(3), 459-464.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.74.3.459 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. pucket@okstate.edu
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Ophthalmic / veterinary
- Anesthesia, Local / methods
- Anesthesia, Local / standards
- Anesthesia, Local / veterinary
- Animals
- Bupivacaine / administration & dosage
- Cornea / drug effects
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Lidocaine / administration & dosage
- Linear Models
- Male
- Mepivacaine / administration & dosage
- Propoxycaine / administration & dosage
- Random Allocation
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Little E, Yvorchuk-St Jean K, Little W, Sithole F, St Jean G. Degree of corneal anesthesia after topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine ophthalmic solution in normal equids.. Can J Vet Res 2016 Oct;80(4):329-334.
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