Comparison of five tests for the serologic diagnosis of myiasis by Gasterophilus spp. larvae (Diptera: Gasterophilidae) in horses and donkeys: a preliminary study.
Abstract: Sera from 41 horses and 159 donkeys, from twelve States of México, were tested to ascertain anti-Gasterophilus circulating antibodies by double immunodiffusion (DD), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE), indirect haemagglutination (IH), thin layer immunoassay (TIA) and diffusion-in-gel ELISA (DIG-ELISA) methods using crude somatic antigen from third instar larvae of G. intestinalis (DeGeer). At necropsy, 33/41 horses and 24/159 donkeys were found to be parasitized by G. intestinalis and/or G. nasalis (L.). Gasterophilus intestinalis was the species most commonly found in the equines. Analysis of the sera from the infected animals by DD showed positive results of 21.2% in horses and of 8% in donkeys. Screening the sera with CIE gave sensitivities of 69.7% in horses and of 32% in donkeys. Examination of the sera by IH showed positive results of 87.9% and of 48% in horses and donkeys, respectively. Testing the sera with TIA gave sensitivities of 93.9% in horses and of 96% in donkeys. Analysis of horses' sera by DIG-ELISA showed a sensitivity of 93.9%.
Publication Date: 1993-07-01 PubMed ID: 8369558DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00682.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study compares five different tests used for the diagnosis of myiasis, a parasitic infection caused by Gasterophilus larvae, in horses and donkeys. These tests include double immunodiffusion, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, indirect haemagglutination, thin layer immunoassay, and diffusion-in-gel ELISA. A total of 200 animals from twelve states in Mexico were tested and the most reliable tests were found to be the thin layer immunoassay and the diffusion-in-gel ELISA.
Study Overview
- The research involved testing sera (part of the blood) from 41 horses and 159 donkeys, originating from twelve different regions in Mexico.
- The researchers aimed to identify anti-Gasterophilus antibodies in the sera. These antibodies are produced by the body’s immune system in response to infection by Gasterophilus spp. larvae.
- The five serological tests compared were Double Immunodiffusion (DD), Counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE), Indirect Haemagglutination (IH), Thin Layer Immunoassay (TIA), and Diffusion-in-gel ELISA (DIG-ELISA).
Findings at Necropsy
- After the animals died, a necropsy (similar to an autopsy in humans) was performed. It was found that 33 out of 41 horses and 24 out of 159 donkeys were infected with G. intestinalis and/or G. nasalis.
- G. intestinalis was the species most commonly found in both the horses and donkeys.
Analysis of Sera
- When the sera were tested using the DD method, 21.2% of horses and 8% of donkeys showed a positive result for infection.
- Testing with the CIE method revealed a sensitivity of 69.7% in horses and 32% in donkeys. In this context, ‘sensitivity’ refers to the ability of the test to correctly identify those infected.
- Application of the IH method showed positive results of 87.9% in horses and 48% in donkeys.
- When the sera were tested using the TIA method, sensitivities of 93.9% in horses and 96% in donkeys were achieved. This indicates that TIA was a highly reliable method for detecting the infection.
- Lastly, using the DIG-ELISA method to analyze the horses’ sera resulted in a high sensitivity of 93.9%.
Conclusion
- The study revealed that the two most reliable serological tests for diagnosing myiasis in horses and donkeys were TIA and DIG-ELISA. These tests showed the highest sensitivity, meaning they were best at correctly identifying animals with the infection. This is important information for improving the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of myiasis in horses and donkeys.
Cite This Article
APA
Escartin-Peña M, Bautista-Garfias CR.
(1993).
Comparison of five tests for the serologic diagnosis of myiasis by Gasterophilus spp. larvae (Diptera: Gasterophilidae) in horses and donkeys: a preliminary study.
Med Vet Entomol, 7(3), 233-237.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00682.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Centro Agropecuario, Posta Zootécnica, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Morelos, México.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies / blood
- Diptera / immunology
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horses
- Male
- Myiasis / diagnosis
- Myiasis / veterinary
- Perissodactyla / immunology
- Perissodactyla / parasitology
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Serologic Tests / methods
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Pawlas-Opiela M, Jawor P, Galli J, Zak-Bochenek A, Gorczykowski M, Galli J, Sołtysiak Z, Stefaniak T. The relationship between the intensity of Gasterophilus intestinalis larvae infection and the serum and salivary humoral immune response in horses. Sci Rep 2022 Oct 20;12(1):17573.
- Li XY, Pape T, Zhang D. Taxonomic review of Gasterophilus (Oestridae, Gasterophilinae) of the world, with updated nomenclature, keys, biological notes, and distributions. Zookeys 2019;891:119-156.
- Roelfstra L, Deeg CA, Hauck SM, Buse C, Membrez M, Betschart B, Pfister K. Protein expression profile of Gasterophilus intestinalis larvae causing horse gastric myiasis and characterization of horse immune reaction. Parasit Vectors 2009 Jan 8;2(1):6.
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