Comparison of Four Arteries for Invasive Blood Pressure Measurements and Dixtal 2010 Oscillometric Values in Horses Anesthetized With Isoflurane: Does the Artery Matter?
Abstract: This study evaluated the agreement between invasive blood pressure (IBP) values measured in three different arteries and by an oscillometric device (NIBP) with the ones from the transverse facial artery (FA). Six horses (424.2 ± 40.7 kg) were sedated with xylazine (0.6 mg/kg IV), induced with ketamine (2 mg/kg IV) and midazolam (0.1 mg/kg IV), and maintained with isoflurane (1.2 MAC) for 90 minutes in lateral recumbency. FA, auricular artery (AA), lateral digital artery (LDA), and metatarsal artery (MA) were catheterized, and a standard adult cuff was placed on the tail. IBP and NIBP values were recorded at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes of anesthesia. Data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk and Repeated-Measures Bland-Altman. Values for FA (mm Hg) were 85.4 ± 10.3 for SAP, 70.6 ± 9.3 for MAP, and 58.5 ± 9.5 for DAP. Mean bias and 95% Limit of agreement (LOA) for AA were -1.7 (-29.0 to 25.6), 2.2 (-18.4 to 22.9), 1.9 (-18.2 to 22.0), for LDA: 1.4 (-25.1 to 27.8), 2.9 (-19.3 to 25.0), 2.3 (-18.4 to 22.9), for MA: -3.2 (-28.3 to 22.0), 2.7 (-16.6 to 22.1), 4.9 (-13.8 to 22.2), and for NIBP: -5.7 (-28.3 to 16.9), 7.9 (-9.5 to 25.3), 17.2 (-2.4 to 36.8), for SAP, MAP and DAP respectively. There is a reasonable bias for IBP values among the arteries evaluated, however a wide LOA, demonstrating the arteries are not interchangeable. NIBP method from Dixtal 2010 results in inaccurate blood pressure values in horses.
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2023-01-06 PubMed ID: 36621700DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104219Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
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- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research study investigates the agreement of blood pressure measurements, taken using different methods and different arteries, in horses under anesthesia. The study finds that blood pressure values differed significantly between the arteries and that an oscillometric device produced inaccurate results.
Study Design and Procedure
- The study examined six horses anaesthetized with a combination of xylazine, ketamine, and midazolam.
- These horses were then maintained on isoflurane anaesthesia for 90 minutes whilst laid on their side.
- Blood measurements were taken from various arteries, specifically the transverse facial artery (FA), auricular artery (AA), lateral digital artery (LDA), and metatarsal artery (MA).
- In addition, noninvasive measurements were taken using an oscillometric device called “Dixtal 2010” and a standard cuff on the horse’s tail.
- These measurements were recorded at various points during the anesthesia – at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes.
Measurement Analysis
- Data was analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and the Repeated-Measures Bland-Altman method.
- The measurements resulted in varying values for the different methods and locations used.
- Specifically, the values for FA were 85.4 ± 10.3 for SAP (systolic arterial pressure), 70.6 ± 9.3 for MAP (mean arterial pressure), and 58.5 ± 9.5 for DAP (diastolic arterial pressure).
- The study determined the mean bias, a statistical measurement of error, and the limits of agreement (which provide an expected range within which the differences of pairs of observations fall).
Conclusions
- There were noticeable differences in the blood pressure values recorded from different arteries, suggesting these arteries are not interchangeable for taking such measurements.
- The oscillometric method (with the Dixtal 2010 device) also produced inaccurate blood pressure values, indicating it may not be suitable for this use in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Midon M, Yamada DI, Zangirolami Filho D, Simionato GC, Feringer Junior WH, Conde G, Hofmeister EH.
(2023).
Comparison of Four Arteries for Invasive Blood Pressure Measurements and Dixtal 2010 Oscillometric Values in Horses Anesthetized With Isoflurane: Does the Artery Matter?
J Equine Vet Sci, 121, 104219.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104219 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- School of Agrarian and Veterinary Science - FCAV, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: mmidon@upenn.edu.
- School of Agrarian and Veterinary Science - FCAV, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
- School of Agrarian and Veterinary Science - FCAV, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
- School of Agrarian and Veterinary Science - FCAV, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
- School of Agrarian and Veterinary Science - FCAV, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
- School of Agrarian and Veterinary Science - FCAV, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses
- Blood Pressure / physiology
- Blood Pressure Determination / veterinary
- Blood Pressure Determination / methods
- Isoflurane
- Arteries / physiology
- Ketamine
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