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Osteoarthritis and cartilage2008; 16(9); 973-979; doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.01.006

Comparison of pharmacokinetics of glucosamine and synovial fluid levels following administration of glucosamine sulphate or glucosamine hydrochloride.

Abstract: To compare the pharmacokinetics of glucosamine and the synovial fluid levels attained following treatment with glucosamine sulphate or glucosamine hydrochloride in a large animal model at clinically relevant doses. Methods: Eight adult female horses were used. Crystalline glucosamine sulphate (Dona) or glucosamine hydrochloride was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg by either intravenous (i.v.) injection or nasogastric (n.g.) intubation. Plasma samples were collected before dosing and at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 360, 480 and 720 min after dosing. Synovial fluid samples were collected from the radiocarpal joints within 48 h before dosing and at 1, 6 and 12 h post-dosing. Glucosamine was assayed by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS/MS). Results: Plasma concentrations reached approximately 50 microg/mL after i.v. injection and approximately 1 microg/mL after n.g. administration of both types of glucosamine. The median oral bioavailability was 9.4% for glucosamine sulphate and 6.1% for glucosamine hydrochloride. Synovial fluid concentrations were significantly higher at 1 and 6 h following oral treatment with glucosamine sulphate compared to glucosamine hydrochloride. Twelve hours following oral administration, glucosamine levels in the plasma and the synovial fluid were still significantly higher than baseline for the glucosamine sulphate preparation, but not for the hydrochloride preparation. Conclusions: Following oral administration of a clinically recommended dose of glucosamine sulphate (Dona), significantly higher synovial fluid concentrations of glucosamine are attained, when compared to an equivalent dose of glucosamine hydrochloride. Whether this difference is translated into a therapeutic effect on the joint tissues remains to be elucidated.
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Publication Date: 2008-03-04 PubMed ID: 18295513DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.01.006Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper presents a study to compare the pharmacokinetics and synovial fluid levels of two forms of glucosamine, glucosamine sulphate and glucosamine hydrochloride, after administration in horses, aimed at informing treatment choices for joint conditions.

Research Methodology

  • Eight adult female horses were used for the study. They were given one of either glucosamine sulphate or glucosamine hydrochloride at a dose of 20 mg/kg, administered via intravenous (i.v.) injection or nasogastric (n.g.) intubation.
  • Plasma samples were collected before and after medicating the horses at specified intervals – 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 360, 480, and 720 minutes after dosing.
  • Synovial fluid samples were likewise collected from the radiocarpal joints of the horses pre-dosing and at 1, 6, and 12 hours after dosing.
  • The amount of glucosamine in the samples was determined using liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS/MS).

Research Findings and Results

  • The study found that the plasma concentrations reached approximately 50 microg/mL after an intravenous injection and about 1 microg/mL after a nasogastric administration of both forms of glucosamine.
  • The median oral bioavailability was calculated to be 9.4% for glucosamine sulphate and 6.1% for glucosamine hydrochloride. This indicates that a greater percentage of glucosamine sulphate is available for use in the animal’s body compared to glucosamine hydrochloride.
  • The concentration of glucosamine was notably higher at 1 and 6 hours after oral administration of glucosamine sulphate compared to glucosamine hydrochloride. This implies that the sulphate form of glucosamine may come into effect faster within the body than the hydrochloride form.
  • Twelve hours after oral administration, glucosamine levels in the plasma and synovial fluid were still higher than baseline for the glucosamine sulphate preparation, but not for the hydrochloride preparation. This suggests that the sulphate form has a longer-lasting effect.

Conclusions

  • The research concludes that, after oral administration, glucosamine sulphate resulted in significantly higher synovial fluid concentrations of glucosamine compared to glucosamine hydrochloride.
  • However, it is stated that further research is needed to make a definite conclusion as to whether this difference translates into a significant therapeutic effect on joint tissues.

Cite This Article

APA
Meulyzer M, Vachon P, Beaudry F, Vinardell T, Richard H, Beauchamp G, Laverty S. (2008). Comparison of pharmacokinetics of glucosamine and synovial fluid levels following administration of glucosamine sulphate or glucosamine hydrochloride. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 16(9), 973-979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2008.01.006

Publication

Osteoarthritis and cartilage
ISSN: 1522-9653
NlmUniqueID: 9305697
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 9
Pages: 973-979

Researcher Affiliations

Meulyzer, M
  • Département des sciences cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St. Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
Vachon, P
    Beaudry, F
      Vinardell, T
        Richard, H
          Beauchamp, G
            Laverty, S

              MeSH Terms

              • Adult
              • Animals
              • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / drug therapy
              • Cartilage, Articular / drug effects
              • Cartilage, Articular / physiopathology
              • Chromatography, Liquid
              • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
              • Drug Administration Routes
              • Female
              • Glucosamine / administration & dosage
              • Glucosamine / pharmacokinetics
              • Horses
              • Humans
              • Injections, Intravenous / veterinary
              • Intubation, Gastrointestinal / veterinary
              • Synovial Fluid / drug effects
              • Synovial Fluid / metabolism
              • Synovial Fluid / physiology

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