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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Comparison of serum microRNA in healthy horses and horses wi...
Equine veterinary journal2024; doi: 10.1111/evj.14434

Comparison of serum microRNA in healthy horses and horses with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation using a commercially available canine cardiac panel.

Abstract: MicroRNA (miRNA) has previously been used as a biomarker for cardiac disease in humans and dogs, however, studies in horses are not yet available. Objective: To determine if adult horses with moderate or severe mitral valve regurgitation have a different serum miRNA expression profile compared to healthy controls. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional. Methods: Serum samples from 77 adult horses with moderate or severe mitral valve regurgitation and 77 healthy control horses were analysed using a commercial cardiac disease-specific miRNA panel previously used in dogs. Results: The commercial canine cardiac miRNA panel had low discriminatory power as a biomarker for mitral valve regurgitation in adult horses. Sensitivity was 0.58 (95% Cl: 0.47-0.69) and specificity 0.57 (95% Cl: 0.46-0.68). Conclusions: Clinical data were extracted retrospectively and currently there is no well-established criteria for grading mitral regurgitation in horses; there were few severe mitral regurgitation cases and the pathogenesis of mitral regurgitation was not considered. Controls were not matched by age, breed or sex. An assay developed for use in dogs was used. Conclusions: Despite strong miRNA conservation across species, the commercially available canine cardiac miRNA panel failed as biomarker for mitral valve regurgitation in adult horses. Further research is needed to determine if an equine specific panel can be developed that performs better as biomarker for cardiac disease in horses. Unassigned: MicroRNA (miRNA) tem sido utilizado como biomarcador para doenças cardíacas em humanos e cães; entretanto, estudos em cavalos ainda não estão disponíveis. Objective: Determinar se cavalos adultos com regurgitação mitral moderada ou grave apresentam um perfil de expressão de miRNA sérico diferente em comparação aos controles saudáveis. Unassigned: Estudo retrospectivo transversal. MÉTODOS: Amostras de soro de 77 cavalos adultos com regurgitação mitral moderada ou grave e 77 cavalos controle saudáveis foram analisadas utilizando um painel comercial de miRNA específico para doenças cardíacas, previamente utilizado em cães. Results: O painel canino comercial de miRNA cardíaco apresentou baixo poder discriminatório como biomarcador para regurgitação mitral em cavalos adultos. A sensibilidade foi de 0,58 (IC 95%: 0,47‐0,69) e a especificidade de 0,57 (IC 95%: 0,46‐0,68). PRINCIPAIS LIMITAÇÕES: Os dados clínicos foram extraídos retrospectivamente e atualmente não existem critérios bem estabelecidos para classificar a regurgitação mitral (RM) em cavalos; havia poucos casos de RM severa e a patogênese da RM não foi considerada. Os controles não foram pareados por idade, raça ou sexo. Um ensaio desenvolvido para uso em cães foi utilizado neste estudo. CONCLUSÃO E IMPORTÂNCIA CLÍNICA: Apesar da forte conservação de miRNA entre as espécies, o painel comercial canino de miRNA cardíaco falhou como biomarcador para regurgitação mitral em cavalos adultos. Este estudo piloto indica que mais pesquisas são necessárias para determinar se um painel específico para equinos pode ser desenvolvido e apresentar melhor desempenho como biomarcador para doenças cardíacas em cavalos.
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Publication Date: 2024-11-20 PubMed ID: 39567225DOI: 10.1111/evj.14434Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research explores the effectiveness of using a commercial canine cardiac panel to identify cardiac disease, specifically moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation, in horses by analyzing serum microRNA (miRNA) profiles. However, the panel revealed low discriminatory ability as a biomarker in this context.

Research Methodology

  • This cross-sectional, retrospective study included both healthy horses and horses suffering from moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation.
  • Serum samples were collected from a total of 154 adult horses – 77 with the mentioned cardiac condition and 77 healthy horses serving as the control group.
  • These serum samples underwent an analysis using a commercially available panel initially designed for identifying cardiac diseases in dogs.

Research Findings

  • The panel demonstrated very limited discrimination for the heart condition in adult horses. It had a sensitivity value of 0.58 and a specificity value of 0.57.
  • The capabilities of this canine-focused panel in identifying mitral valve regurgitation in horses were therefore low, although miRNAs are usually well-conserved across species.

Limitations of the Study

  • The study faced constraints in that it used clinical data that was sourced retrospectively.
  • Furthermore, no well-defined criteria exist to grade mitral regurgitation in horses, which compounded the findings of the research.
  • The severity of the examined cardiac condition varied and its pathogenesis was not taken into account.
  • The control group and examined group were not matched by age, breed, or sex, which could influence the results.
  • A significant drawback was the use of a panel that was originally developed for use in dogs, further limiting its application in horses.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance of the Study

  • In spite of a high level of miRNA conservation across species, the canine cardiac panel’s performance fell short as a biomarker for adult horses with mitral valve regurgitation.
  • This study recommends more research to determine if a panel specifically designed for equines can perform better as a biomarker for cardiac diseases in this species.

Cite This Article

APA
Calewaert A, Palarea-Albaladejo J, Coultous R, Capewell P, Hanks E, Decloedt A, van Loon G. (2024). Comparison of serum microRNA in healthy horses and horses with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation using a commercially available canine cardiac panel. Equine Vet J. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14434

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Calewaert, Amber
  • Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Palarea-Albaladejo, Javier
  • Department of Computer Sciences, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
  • MI:RNA Ltd, Edinburgh, UK.
Coultous, Robert
  • MI:RNA Ltd, Edinburgh, UK.
Capewell, Paul
  • MI:RNA Ltd, Edinburgh, UK.
  • School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Hanks, Eve
  • MI:RNA Ltd, Edinburgh, UK.
Decloedt, Annelies
  • Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
van Loon, Gunther
  • Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.

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