Comparison of the pathogenesis of acute equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection in the horse and the mouse model: a review.
Abstract: The mouse models of the respiratory and abortion forms of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection have been used to investigate the vaccine potential of various EHV-1 immunogens, the effect of antiviral agents on EHV-1 infection and the pathogenicity of EHV-1 strain variants and deletion or insertional mutants. This review examines the similarities and differences in the pathogenesis of primary EHV-1 infection in the natural host, the horse, and in the mouse by comparing tissue tropism, clinical signs of infection, the effects of EHV-1 on pregnancy, haematological changes following infection, viral clearance, histopathology and latency. The evidence suggests that the mouse model provides a valid method for investigation of virological and histopathological aspects of EHV-1-induced disease in the horse. However, the extent to which useful and valid comparisons and extrapolations can be made of immunological parameters from mouse to horse is yet to be determined.
Publication Date: 1999-09-29 PubMed ID: 10501157DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(99)00056-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Review
Summary
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The research article is a comparative study of the equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection on horses and mice. The study determines the similarities, differences, and validity of using mouse models to examine aspects of the EHV-1 disease in horses, particularly regarding its virological and histopathological impact.
Objective and Approach
- The underlying goal of the research was to scrutinize the validity of using mouse models for studying the respiratory and abortion impacts of the EHV-1 infection on horses.
- Through comparative analysis, the researchers examined several facets of EHV-1 such as tissue tropism, signs of infection, effects on pregnancy, haematological changes post infection, viral clearance, histopathology, and latency.
Insights into Vaccine Potential and Antiviral Effects
- The mouse models were used to investigate the potential of various EHV-1 immunogens for developing a vaccine.
- Additionally, the models helped researchers walk through the effect of antiviral agents on the progression and spread of EHV-1 infection.
Comparing Pathogenicity of EHV-1 Strains
- The study also looked into the pathogenicity of different strains of EHV-1, including those with varying genetic structures such as deletion or insertional mutants.
Findings and Implications
- The findings suggest that mouse models provide a precise method for studying the virological and histopathological aspects of EHV-1-induced conditions in horses.
- However, the degree to which the inferences and extrapolations made about immunological factors from the mouse models can be applied to horses still requires further examination.
Cite This Article
APA
Walker C, Love DN, Whalley JM.
(1999).
Comparison of the pathogenesis of acute equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection in the horse and the mouse model: a review.
Vet Microbiol, 68(1-2), 3-13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1135(99)00056-5 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Abortion, Veterinary / virology
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections / virology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / pathogenicity
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Leukopenia / veterinary
- Leukopenia / virology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Pregnancy
- Respiratory Tract Infections / veterinary
- Respiratory Tract Infections / virology
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Tropism / immunology
- Viral Load / veterinary
- Virus Latency / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Kang HW, Lee EY, Lee KK, Ko MK, Park JY, Kim YH, Lee K, Choi EJ, Kim J, So B, Park CK, Jeoung HY. Evaluation of the Variability of the ORF34, ORF68, and MLST Genes in EHV-1 from South Korea. Pathogens 2021 Apr 2;10(4).
- Cymerys J, Słońska A, Tucholska A, Golke A, Chmielewska A, Bańbura MW. Influence of long-term equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infection on primary murine neurons-the possible effects of the multiple passages of EHV-1 on its neurovirulence. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018 Jan;63(1):1-11.
- Liu SA, Stanfield BA, Chouljenko VN, Naidu S, Langohr I, Del Piero F, Ferracone J, Roy AA, Kousoulas KG. Intramuscular Immunization of Mice with the Live-Attenuated Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Vaccine Strain VC2 Expressing Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) Glycoprotein D Generates Anti-EHV-1 Immune Responses in Mice. J Virol 2017 Jun 15;91(12).
- Sunohara-Neilson JR, Brash M, Carman S, Nagy E, Turner PV. Experimental infection of New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculi) with Leporid herpesvirus 4. Comp Med 2013 Oct;63(5):422-31.
- Van de Walle GR, Sakamoto K, Osterrieder N. CCL3 and viral chemokine-binding protein gg modulate pulmonary inflammation and virus replication during equine herpesvirus 1 infection. J Virol 2008 Feb;82(4):1714-22.
- Goodman LB, Loregian A, Perkins GA, Nugent J, Buckles EL, Mercorelli B, Kydd JH, Palù G, Smith KC, Osterrieder N, Davis-Poynter N. A point mutation in a herpesvirus polymerase determines neuropathogenicity. PLoS Pathog 2007 Nov;3(11):e160.
- Ji Y, Xu D, Si W, Zhang Y, Khan MZ, Zhao X, Liu W. Characterization and Pathogenicity of Equine Herpesvirus Type 8 Using In-Vitro and In-Vivo Models. Vet Sci 2025 Apr 15;12(4).
- Pradhan SS, Balena V, Bera BC, Anand T, Khetmalis R, Madhwal A, Kandasamy S, Pavulraj S, Bernela M, Mor P, Tripathi BN, Virmani N. Multiple Gene Deletion Mutants of Equine Herpesvirus 1 Exhibit Strong Protective Efficacy Against Wild Virus Challenge in a Murine Model. Vaccines (Basel) 2025 Jan 8;13(1).
- Nishimura F, Fukushi N, Sakai H, Fukushi H. Attenuation of the neuropathogenic equine herpesvirus type 1 strain Ab4p in hamsters by a single amino acid mutation (D752N) in viral DNA polymerase ORF30. J Vet Med Sci 2024 Dec 1;86(12):1273-1278.
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