Complete sequences of IncHI1 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-1 and qnrS1 in equine Escherichia coli provide new insights into plasmid evolution.
Abstract: To determine the structure of two multidrug-resistant IncHI1 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-1 in Escherichia coli isolates disseminated in an equine clinic in the Czech Republic. Methods: A complete nucleotide sequencing of 239 kb IncHI1 (pEQ1) and 287 kb IncHI1/X1 (pEQ2) plasmids was performed using the 454-Genome Sequencer FLX system. The sequences were compared using bioinformatic tools with other sequenced IncHI1 plasmids. Results: A comparative analysis of pEQ1 and pEQ2 identified high nucleotide identity with the IncHI1 type 2 plasmids. A novel 24 kb module containing an operon involved in short-chain fructooligosaccharide uptake and metabolism was found in the pEQ backbones. The role of the pEQ plasmids in the metabolism of short-chain fructooligosaccharides was demonstrated by studying the growth of E. coli cells in the presence of these sugars. The module containing the blaCTX-M-1 gene was formed by a truncated macrolide resistance cluster and flanked by IS26 as previously observed in IncI1 and IncN plasmids. The IncHI1 plasmid changed size and gained the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 as a result of IS26-mediated fusion with an IncX1 plasmid. Conclusions: Our data highlight the structure and evolution of IncHI1 from equine E. coli. A plasmid-mediated sugar metabolic element could play a key role in strain fitness, contributing to the successful dissemination and maintenance of these plasmids in the intestinal microflora of horses.
© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Publication Date: 2014-05-26 PubMed ID: 24862095DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku172Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article explores the structure of multidrug-resistant plasmids found in Escherichia coli isolates in an equine clinic in the Czech Republic and provides new insights into plasmid evolution.
Methods and Procedures
- The researchers performed a complete nucleotide sequencing of two specific IncHI1 plasmids (pEQ1 and pEQ2), which were 239 kb and 287 kb in size respectively. The sequencing was performed using a system called the 454-Genome Sequencer FLX.
- The sequences obtained were compared using various bioinformatic tools with other sequenced IncHI1 plasmids to identify similarities or differences in their structures.
Observations and Results
- Comparative analysis of the pEQ1 and pEQ2 plasmids showed high nucleotide identity with the IncHI1 type 2 plasmids.
- A unique 24 kb module was discovered in the pEQ backbones. This module contained an operon that is involved in the uptake and metabolism of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (a type of sugar).
- The researchers were able to demonstrate the role of the pEQ plasmids in the metabolism of short-chain fructooligosaccharides by studying the growth of E. coli cells in the presence of these sugars.
- The module containing the blaCTX-M-1 gene (a gene that contributes to antibiotic resistance) was formed by a truncated macrolide resistance cluster and was flanked by IS26, similar to previous observations in IncI1 and IncN plasmids.
- A notable change was observed in one IncHI1 plasmid. This plasmid changed its size and gained the qnrS1 gene, which provides resistance to quinolones (a class of antibiotics). This change was believed to have occurred due to the IS26-mediated fusion with an IncX1 plasmid.
Conclusions and Implications
- The data provided by this research has given new insights into the structure and evolution of IncHI1 from equine E. coli.
- The research suggests that the plasmid-mediated sugar metabolic element (the 24 kb module) could play a crucial role in strain fitness. This could contribute to the successful dissemination and maintenance of these plasmids in the intestinal microflora of horses. This understanding can potentially provide new targets for antimicrobial intervention and control of drug resistance spread.
Cite This Article
APA
Dolejska M, Villa L, Minoia M, Guardabassi L, Carattoli A.
(2014).
Complete sequences of IncHI1 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-1 and qnrS1 in equine Escherichia coli provide new insights into plasmid evolution.
J Antimicrob Chemother, 69(9), 2388-2393.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dku172 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic CEITEC VFU, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic m.dolejska@centrum.cz.
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Czech Republic
- Escherichia coli / genetics
- Escherichia coli / isolation & purification
- Escherichia coli Infections / microbiology
- Escherichia coli Infections / veterinary
- Escherichia coli Proteins / genetics
- Evolution, Molecular
- Gene Order
- Horses
- Metabolic Networks and Pathways / genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Plasmids
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Synteny
- beta-Lactamases / genetics
Citations
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