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Investigative ophthalmology & visual science1978; 17(8); 788-795;

Congenital stationary night blindness: an animal model.

Abstract: Electroretinographic studies of myctalopic Appaloosa horses demonstrated photopic and scotopic abnormalities similar to those in humans with congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) of the Schubert-Bornschein type. The phototopic abnormalities consisted of reduced b-wave amplitudes and slower than normal b-wave implict time. The dark-adapted ERG's consisted of a simple negative potential; the scotopic b-wave was nonrecordable. However, a normal c-wave was present in the dark-adapted response. Histologic studies demonstrated no structural abnormalities that could explain the functional defect.
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Publication Date: 1978-08-01 PubMed ID: 308060
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates night blindness in horses, using Appaloosa horses with myctalopia as a model. It was found that their photopic and scotopic abnormalities were similar to those seen in humans with congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) of the Schubert-Bornschein type, yet no structural abnormalities were found that could explain the functional defect.

Understanding Night Blindness in Horses

  • The researchers focused on Electroretinographic (ERG) studies of Appaloosa horses afflicted with myctalopia, a condition that impairs night vision, popularly known as night blindness.
  • Through ERG, the researchers studied the horse’s response to light, investigating both photopic (light adapted) and scotopic (dark adapted) conditions.
  • The study focused on two types of waves in the Electroretinography: the b-wave, which evaluates the functionality of the inner retina, and the c-wave, which assesses the integrity of the outer retina.

Comparison to Human Night Blindness

  • Interestingly, the studies revealed photopic and scotopic abnormalities in these horses similar to those found in humans suffering from a specific type of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) – the Schubert-Bornschein type.
  • In both humans and these horses, the phototopic abnormalities manifest as reduced b-wave amplitudes and slower than normal b-wave implicit time, implicating the diminished functionality of the inner retina.
  • Similarly, in dark-adapted conditions, the scotopic b-wave was nonrecordable, further showcasing the disrupted retinal function in the presence of night blindness.

Notable Findings and Limitations

  • However, a study found that a normal c-wave was present in the dark-adapted response, suggesting that the outer retina’s integrity is maintained in the face of night blindness.
  • This was surprising as the c-wave generally declines in retinal degenerative conditions, but in this case it was preserved despite the vision defect.
  • Moreover, histologic studies, which involve the study of the microscopic structure of tissues, found no structural abnormalities that could explain the functional defect, suggesting that the disturbances are likely arising at a functional or physiological level rather than a gross structural one.

Cite This Article

APA
Witzel DA, Smith EL, Wilson RD, Aguirre GD. (1978). Congenital stationary night blindness: an animal model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 17(8), 788-795.

Publication

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
ISSN: 0146-0404
NlmUniqueID: 7703701
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 17
Issue: 8
Pages: 788-795

Researcher Affiliations

Witzel, D A
    Smith, E L
      Wilson, R D
        Aguirre, G D

          MeSH Terms

          • Adaptation, Physiological
          • Animals
          • Dark Adaptation
          • Disease Models, Animal
          • Electroretinography
          • Female
          • Horse Diseases / congenital
          • Horses
          • Light
          • Male
          • Night Blindness / congenital
          • Night Blindness / veterinary
          • Retina / pathology
          • Retina / physiopathology
          • Retina / ultrastructure

          Citations

          This article has been cited 21 times.
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