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Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology1999; 7(2); 103-114; doi: 10.1023/a:1009234814635

Construction of chromosome-specific paints for meta- and submetacentric autosomes and the sex chromosomes in the horse and their use to detect homologous chromosomal segments in the donkey.

Abstract: A pilot study comparing horse and donkey karyotypes on a molecular basis was initiated using the chromosomal microdissection approach. All equine meta- and submetacentric chromosomes, viz. ECA1 to ECA13 and the X and Y chromosomes, were microdissected. The DNA was PCR amplified, non-radioactively labelled and used as probes on equine metaphase chromosomes to confirm their origin. Once tested, the paints were used as probes on donkey metaphase chromosomes to detect homologous chromosomal segments between the two species. The results not only detected conservation of whole chromosome and/or arm synteny between the two karyotypes, but also highlighted varying degrees of rearrangements. The findings also enable deduction of homology between parts of donkey and human karyotypes. In light of the molecular evidence, this study examines the accuracy of the available comparative cytogenetic data between horse and donkey.
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Publication Date: 1999-05-18 PubMed ID: 10328622DOI: 10.1023/a:1009234814635Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study uses a technique called chromosomal microdissection to compare the genetic material found in horse and donkey chromosomes. The findings show both conservation and rearrangements of specific sections of chromosomes between the two species, and also suggest potential similarities between parts of donkey and human chromosomes.

Methodology

  • The researchers microdissected all equine meta- and submetacentric chromosomes, which include ECA1 to ECA13 and the X and Y chromosomes. Microdissection involves using a microscope to physically isolate specific regions of chromosomes.
  • The extracted DNA from these chromosomes was then PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplified, a process which creates multiple copies of a specific DNA segment. This makes the DNA easier to work with and analyze.
  • The amplified DNA was then non-radioactively labelled and used as probes on equine metaphase chromosomes. These probes bind to a specific complementary strand of DNA, allowing researchers to confirm the original source of the microdissected DNA.

Results and Discussion

  • Once the origin of the DNA was confirmed, the researchers used the probes on donkey metaphase chromosomes to identify homologous chromosomal segments, or areas of DNA that share a common ancestry.
  • The results showed conservation of whole chromosome and/or arm synteny between horse and donkey karyotypes. Synteny refers to the physical co-localization of genetic loci on the same chromosome in different species that were present in their last common ancestor.
  • The study also detected various degrees of rearrangements, suggesting that certain segments of DNA have moved or changed over time between the two species’ genomes.
  • The researchers reported that the findings also pointed towards homology between parts of the donkey and human karyotypes, signifying genetic sections that share a common evolutionary past.

Significance

  • This research is particularly significant as it examines the accuracy of the comparative cytogenetic data between horse and donkey, providing a more in-depth understanding of their genetic relationship.
  • The chromosomal microdissection technique used in this study can be a useful tool for comparing the genetic materials of different species and can aid in the detection of genetic conservation and rearrangements over evolutionary time.

Cite This Article

APA
Raudsepp T, Chowdhary BP. (1999). Construction of chromosome-specific paints for meta- and submetacentric autosomes and the sex chromosomes in the horse and their use to detect homologous chromosomal segments in the donkey. Chromosome Res, 7(2), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1009234814635

Publication

Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology
ISSN: 0967-3849
NlmUniqueID: 9313452
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Pages: 103-114

Researcher Affiliations

Raudsepp, T
  • Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
Chowdhary, B P

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Chromosome Painting / methods
    • Equidae / genetics
    • Female
    • Horses / genetics
    • Humans
    • Male
    • Sex Chromosomes

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