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Refined genome-wide comparative map of the domestic horse, donkey and human based on cross-species chromosome painting: insight into the occasional fertility of mules.
Abstract: We have made a complete set of painting probes for the domestic horse by degenerate oligonucleotide-primed PCR amplification of flow-sorted horse chromosomes. The horse probes, together with a full set of those available for human, were hybridized onto metaphase chromosomes of human, horse and mule. Based on the hybridization results, we have generated genome-wide comparative chromosome maps involving the domestic horse, donkey and human. These maps define the overall distribution and boundaries of evolutionarily conserved chromosomal segments in the three genomes. Our results shed further light on the karyotypic relationships among these species and, in particular, the chromosomal rearrangements that underlie hybrid sterility and the occasional fertility of mules.
Publication Date: 2004-02-27 PubMed ID: 14984103DOI: 10.1023/b:chro.0000009298.02689.8aGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The researchers successfully developed a comparative map of the domestic horse, donkey, and human genomes, shedding light on the evolutionary chromosomal similarities and differences. They also provided insights into the occasional fertility of mules, which are usually sterile.
Development of Painting Probes
- The team created a complete set of ‘painting probes’ for the domestic horse using a process called degenerate oligonucleotide-primed PCR amplification on flow-sorted horse chromosomes.
- This process helps to highlight specific chromosomes or parts of chromosomes (painting probes), allowing for easier identification and comparison.
Cross Species Hybridisation
- The horse probes, along with a full set available for humans, were then hybridized onto metaphase chromosomes of humans, horses, and mules.
- Metaphase is a stage during cell division where chromosomes are at their most condensed and visible under a microscope, making this the ideal time to apply the painting probes.
Generation of Comparative Chromosome Maps
- Using the results of the probe hybridization, the scientists produced genome-wide comparative chromosome maps involving the domestic horse, donkey and human.
- These maps present a comprehensive visualization of the distribution and boundaries of evolutionarily conserved chromosomal segments shared across these three species.
Insights into Hybrid Fertility
- The findings helped to further understand the chromosomal relationships between these species, especially the chromosomal changes that cause the usual sterility of mules – a hybrid species of horse and donkey.
- Despite mules being predominantly infertile, there are occasional exceptions. The research findings might shed light on the chromosomal factors influencing this rare mule fertility.
Cite This Article
APA
Yang F, Fu B, O'Brien PC, Nie W, Ryder OA, Ferguson-Smith MA.
(2004).
Refined genome-wide comparative map of the domestic horse, donkey and human based on cross-species chromosome painting: insight into the occasional fertility of mules.
Chromosome Res, 12(1), 65-76.
https://doi.org/10.1023/b:chro.0000009298.02689.8a Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Centre for Veterinary Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK. fy@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Chromosome Mapping / methods
- Chromosome Painting / methods
- Chromosomes
- Chromosomes, Human
- Equidae / genetics
- Female
- Fertility / genetics
- Genome
- Genome, Human
- Horses / genetics
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Metaphase
- Sequence Homology
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