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Parasitology research2011; 110(5); 1665-1674; doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2684-x

Contamination of the environment by strongylid (Nematoda: Strongylidae) infective larvae at horse farms of various types in Ukraine.

Abstract: Analysis of the influence of horse-keeping conditions by contamination of the environment (pastures, paddocks, and stalls) by the strongylid infective larvae (L(3)) was carried out at various types of horse farms, hippodromes, and riding clubs in Ukraine. A total of 1,237 horses from three types of horse-keeping conditions were examined. Epidemiological studies of stall and grazing area (pasture and paddocks) contamination by L(3) were performed at hippodrome (stalled horse-keeping) and horse farms with stall/paddock-keeping and stall/pasture-keeping conditions. Grass and stall litter samples were examined by the Baermann procedure. It was found that horses of stall-keeping conditions had the lowest level of strongylid infection (prevalence 46.4-77.8%, average infection 25.6-92.9 eggs per gram of feces (EPG)) and lowest proportion of large strongyle L(3) in coprocultures (1.6-11.3%). Horses of stall/pasture-keeping conditions were the most infected (prevalence 95.1-100%, average infection 198.2-453.7 EPG), and the proportion of large strongyle L(3) was 17.3-24.7%. Strongyle L(3) were found in litter of all parts of individual stalls; areas at the stall center, "toilet", and entrance were the most contaminated. The highest L(3) number in stall litter was registered in summer. Contamination of permanent pasture grass by L(3) was notably lower than grass in paddocks (86.3-161.4 L(3)/kg compared with 305.9-409.1 L(3)/kg). The highest level of pasture grass contamination was observed in the middle of summer (July)--up 970.7 L(3)/kg. The results obtained confirmed importance of environmental contamination in epidemiology of horse strongylidosis at various types of horse-keeping conditions.
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Publication Date: 2011-10-18 PubMed ID: 22006190DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2684-xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates how differences in horse-keeping conditions affect the contamination level of environments like pastures, paddocks, and stalls by strongylid infective larvae (a type of parasitic worm) at horse farms, hippodromes, and riding clubs in Ukraine. The study reveals horses in different conditions show varying levels of infection, and it notes some seasons and areas are more prone to contamination.

About the study

  • The study examined 1,237 horses from three different types of horse-keeping conditions: kept in stalls, kept in stalls/paddocks, or kept in stalls/pastures.
  • The horses were based in various horse farms, hippodromes, and riding clubs across Ukraine.
  • Through epidemiological studies, the contamination of stalls and grazing areas (such as pastures and paddocks) by strongylid larvae (L(3)) was analyzed.
  • To understand the extent of contamination, grass and stall litter samples were examined using the Baermann procedure, a method for isolating nematodes from environmental samples.

Findings From The Research

  • Horses kept solely in stalls presented the lowest levels of strongylid infection, with prevalence ranging from 46.4% to 77.8%, and infection levels ranging from 25.6 to 92.9 eggs per gram of feces (EPG).
  • Horses kept in stall/pasture conditions showed the highest infection rate (prevalence of 95.1 to 100% and average infection 198.2-453.7 EPG).
  • The larvae were found in the litter of all areas of the stalls, with the highest concentration noted at the stall center, the “toilet”, and entrance.
  • The research observed a seasonal pattern, with the highest number of larvae found in stall litter during the summer months.
  • It was also found that grass in paddocks was more contaminated with L(3) than permanent pasture grass (305.9-409.1 L(3)/kg compared to 86.3-161.4 L(3)/kg).
  • The height of summer, specifically July, saw the highest levels of pasture grass contamination, with up to 970.7 L(3)/kg.

Conclusion

The results highlighted the significance of environmental contamination in the epidemiology of horse strongylidosis (a type of parasitic infection in horses caused by strongyles) in different horse-keeping conditions. This understanding could contribute towards improved management and treatment strategies for preventing horse strongylidosis.

Cite This Article

APA
Kuzmina TA. (2011). Contamination of the environment by strongylid (Nematoda: Strongylidae) infective larvae at horse farms of various types in Ukraine. Parasitol Res, 110(5), 1665-1674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-011-2684-x

Publication

Parasitology research
ISSN: 1432-1955
NlmUniqueID: 8703571
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 110
Issue: 5
Pages: 1665-1674

Researcher Affiliations

Kuzmina, Tetiana A
  • Department of Parasitology, Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, vul. B. Khmelnitskogo, 15, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine. taniak@izan.kiev.ua

MeSH Terms

  • Animal Husbandry
  • Animals
  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Feces / parasitology
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology
  • Horses / parasitology
  • Larva / physiology
  • Prevalence
  • Seasons
  • Strongylida Infections / epidemiology
  • Strongylida Infections / parasitology
  • Strongylida Infections / veterinary
  • Strongyloidea / growth & development
  • Strongyloidea / isolation & purification
  • Ukraine / epidemiology

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
  1. Kaspar A, Pfister K, Nielsen MK, Silaghi C, Fink H, Scheuerle MC. Detection of Strongylus vulgaris in equine faecal samples by real-time PCR and larval culture - method comparison and occurrence assessment. BMC Vet Res 2017 Jan 11;13(1):19.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0918-ypubmed: 28077153google scholar: lookup
  2. Love S, Burden FA, McGirr EC, Gordon L, Denwood MJ. Equine Cyathostominae can develop to infective third-stage larvae on straw bedding. Parasit Vectors 2016 Aug 31;9(1):478.
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  3. Taulescu MA, Ionicã AM, Diugan E, Pavaloiu A, Cora R, Amorim I, Catoi C, Roccabianca P. First report of fatal systemic Halicephalobus gingivalis infection in two Lipizzaner horses from Romania: clinical, pathological, and molecular characterization. Parasitol Res 2016 Mar;115(3):1097-103.
    doi: 10.1007/s00436-015-4839-7pubmed: 26631187google scholar: lookup
  4. Schneider S, Pfister K, Becher AM, Scheuerle MC. Strongyle infections and parasitic control strategies in German horses - a risk assessment. BMC Vet Res 2014 Nov 12;10:262.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-014-0262-zpubmed: 25387542google scholar: lookup
  5. Lyons ET, Tolliver SC, Kuzmina TA. Investigation of strongyle EPG values in horse mares relative to known age, number positive, and level of egg shedding in field studies on 26 farms in Central Kentucky (2010-2011). Parasitol Res 2012 Jun;110(6):2237-45.
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