Cortisol, progesterone, 17αOHprogesterone, and pregnenolone in foals born from mare’s hormone-treated for experimentally induced ascending placentitis.
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate steroid hormones in foals born from mares treated for ascending placentitis with different combinations of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMS), flunixin meglumine (FM), long-acting altrenogest (ALT) and estradiol cypionate (ECP) for ten consecutive days, starting two days after experimental induction of placentitis with Streptococcus zooepidemicus. Fourty-six pregnant mares and respective foals were assigned as healthy group (Control, n = 8) or treated groups as follows: TMS+FM (n = 8), TMS+FM+ALT (n = 8), TMS+FM+ALT+ECP (n = 6), TMS+FM+ECP (n = 6) and no treatment (NO TREAT n = 10). At delivery, foals were classified as high-risk or low-risk based on clinical and hematologic findings, and survival rates were recorded during the first week of life for comparisons across groups. Cortisol, progesterone, 17αOHprogesterone, and pregnenolone concentrations were determined via immunoassays in 31 of the 46 foals immediately after foaling (0 h), at 12, 24, 48 h, and seven days post-partum (168h). At birth, serum cortisol concentrations were higher in Control and TMS+FM+ECP foals than in remaining groups (p < 0.05). Foals in TMS+FM+ALT and TMS+FM groups had higher 17αOHprogesterone concentrations at 24 h and 48 h, respectively (p < 0.05). Pregnenolone concentrations were higher in TMS+FM than TMS+FM+ALT+ECP foals at 7 days (p < 0.05). High-risk and non-surviving foals had decreased concentrations of cortisol at parturition, but increased concentrations of progesterone from 0 h to 48 h. Pregnenolone and 17αOHprogesterone concentrations were increased and pregnenolone after 12 h in high-risk and non-surviving foals (p < 0.05). In conclusion, adding ECP to the treatment of experimentally-induced placentitis appears to improve foal viability and endocrine response. Cortisol and progestogen profiles were abnormal in high-risk and non-surviving foals, and those treated with ALT or TMS+FM only.
Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Publication Date: 2018-06-30 PubMed ID: 30308389DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.06.024Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Veterinary
- Journal Article
Summary
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The study investigates the levels of four different hormones in newborn foals born from mares with experimentally induced ascending placentitis. Different treatment combinations have been used with the aim of evaluating their impact on the foals’ hormone levels and survival rates.
Research Objectives
- The main aim of this research was to gauge the levels of four hormones – cortisol, progesterone, 17αOHprogesterone, and pregnenolone – in foals born from mares treated with various combinations for ascending placentitis.
- The study also sought to track survival rates in the first week of life and categorize foals as either high-risk or low-risk based on clinical and hematologic findings.
Research Methodology
- A total of 46 pregnant mares and their foals were included in the study. The mares were split into various groups, based on the treatment received – a healthy group (Control), TMS+FM, TMS+FM+ALT, TMS+FM+ALT+ECP, TMS+FM+ECP, and a no-treatment group.
- The treatment began two days after placentitis was experimentally induced using Streptococcus zooepidemicus.
- The hormone levels in the foals were measured immediately after birth (0 hrs), at 12, 24, and 48 hrs, and seven days after birth. Collectively, the hormone levels of 31 out of the 46 foals were determined through immunoassays.
Findings and Conclusion
- Findings showed that the serum cortisol concentrations were higher in the Control group and the foals from the TMS+FM+ECP group than the rest of the groups at birth.
- At 24hrs, the foals in the TMS+FM+ALT treatment group had higher 17αOHprogesterone concentrations and the TMS+FM group showed higher concentrations at 48hrs.
- Pregnenolone concentrations were found to be higher in the TMS+FM group than the TMS+FM+ALT+ECP foals at seven days post-partum.
- Foals categorized as high-risk and those who did not survive had lower cortisol at birth but higher progesterone from 0 to 48hrs. Their concentrations of pregnenolone and 17αOHprogesterone were also found to increase after 12hrs.
- The study concluded that the incorporation of ECP in the treatment of experimentally-induced placentitis seemed to improve the endocrine response and the viability of the foal. Moreover, abnormal cortisol and progestogen profiles were observed in high-risk and non-surviving foals and those treated with ALT or TMS+FM.
Cite This Article
APA
Müller V, Curcio BR, Toribio RE, Feijó LS, Borba LA, Canisso IF, Nogueira CEW.
(2018).
Cortisol, progesterone, 17αOHprogesterone, and pregnenolone in foals born from mare’s hormone-treated for experimentally induced ascending placentitis.
Theriogenology, 123, 139-144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.06.024 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL 61802, USA. Electronic address: brunacurcio@hotmail.com.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Electronic address: toribio.1@osu.edu.
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL 61802, USA.
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
MeSH Terms
- 17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone / blood
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
- Clonixin / administration & dosage
- Clonixin / analogs & derivatives
- Clonixin / therapeutic use
- Contraceptive Agents, Female / administration & dosage
- Contraceptive Agents, Female / therapeutic use
- Estradiol / administration & dosage
- Estradiol / analogs & derivatives
- Estradiol / therapeutic use
- Female
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses
- Hydrocortisone / blood
- Placenta Diseases / microbiology
- Placenta Diseases / veterinary
- Pregnancy
- Pregnenolone / blood
- Progesterone / blood
- Progestins / administration & dosage
- Progestins / therapeutic use
- Random Allocation
- Streptococcal Infections / veterinary
- Streptococcus equi
- Trenbolone Acetate / administration & dosage
- Trenbolone Acetate / analogs & derivatives
- Trenbolone Acetate / therapeutic use
- Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / administration & dosage
- Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / therapeutic use
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Gomez DE, Wong D, MacNicol J, Dembek K. The fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy and sick newborn foals. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Jan;37(1):315-322.
- Kinsella HM, Hostnik LD, Rings LM, Swink JM, Burns TA, Toribio RE. Glucagon, insulin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol in response to carbohydrates and fasting in healthy neonatal foals. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Jan;35(1):550-559.
- Swink JM, Rings LM, Snyder HA, McAuley RC, Burns TA, Dembek KA, Gilsenan WF, Browne N, Toribio RE. Dynamics of androgens in healthy and hospitalized newborn foals. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Jan;35(1):538-549.
- Aleman M, McCue PM, Chigerwe M, Madigan JE. Plasma concentrations of steroid precursors, steroids, neuroactive steroids, and neurosteroids in healthy neonatal foals from birth to 7 days of age. J Vet Intern Med 2019 Sep;33(5):2286-2293.
- Porto ACRC, Redoan MA, Massoco CO, Furtado PV, Oliveira CA. Additional effects using progestins in mares on levels of thyroid hormones and steroids in neonates. Anim Reprod 2023;20(4):e20230029.
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