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Home / Equine Research Bank / Parasite Immunol / Cytokine and goblet cell gene expression in equine cyathosto...
Parasite immunology2020; 42(6); e12709; doi: 10.1111/pim.12709

Cytokine and goblet cell gene expression in equine cyathostomin infection and larvicidal anthelmintic therapy.

Abstract: The role of the immune response to cyathostomin infections in horses remains unknown. Intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia has previously been noted as a component in cyathostomin infection; however, the function is unclear. The goal of this study was to evaluate the local and systemic gene expression to cyathostomin infections following larvicidal treatment and explore their relation to goblet cells. Thirty-six ponies with naturally acquired cyathostomin infections were randomly allocated into three groups: fenbendazole-treated (10 mg/kg PO 5 days), moxidectin-treated (0.4 mg/kg PO once) and untreated control. Whole blood from all horses was collected weekly, and tissue samples from the large intestine collected during necropsy at 2 and 5 weeks post-treatment (WPT). Gene expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-22, IFN-γ, resistin-like molecule beta (RELM-β), Mucin 2 (MUC2) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α was measured using qRT-PCR. There were statistically significant linear correlations between luminal worm burdens and MUC2 (r = -.2358) and RELM-β (r = -.2261). This suggests an active role of immune system post-treatment in parasite expulsion, specifically in goblet cells, and that the organs respond differently to treatment and the larvae themselves. This may have implications in the disease process and treatment.
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2020-03-20 PubMed ID: 32145074DOI: 10.1111/pim.12709Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research exploration is about the understudied immune response in horses during a cyathostomin infection and how goblet cell gene expression interacts with the infection after effective therapy. The study attempted to analyze both local and systemic gene expression to understand their connection to the goblet cells.

Study Methodology

  • The study was conducted with thirty-six ponies, all of whom had naturally acquired cyathostomin infections.
  • These ponies were randomly distributed into three groups: fenbendazole-treated, moxidectin-treated, and an untreated control group.
  • Blood samples were collected every week, while tissue samples from the large intestine of the ponies were collected during necropsy at two different post-treatment timeframes – 2 weeks and 5 weeks.

Results and Observations

  • Gene expression of several interleukins (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, and IL-22), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), resistin-like molecule beta (RELM-β), Mucin 2 (MUC2), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) was measured using quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).
  • A considerable linear correlation was observed between the luminal worm burdens and two elements: MUC2 (with a correlation coefficient of -0.2358) and RELM-β (a correlation coefficient of -0.2261). This implies a significant immune-system activity related to parasite expulsion after the treatment, primarily focusing on goblet cells performance.
  • The study also found that different organs responded variously to the treatment and the larvae themselves, meaning that the larvicidal therapy can affect parts of the body differently.

Implications of the study

  • The study significantly contributes to the previously unknown role of the immune system in response to cyathostomin infection after larvicidal therapeutic intervention.
  • Understanding this could have substantial implications in optimizing disease treatment and management in equine veterinary practices.

Cite This Article

APA
Steuer AE, Stewart JC, Barker VD, Adams AA, Nielsen MK. (2020). Cytokine and goblet cell gene expression in equine cyathostomin infection and larvicidal anthelmintic therapy. Parasite Immunol, 42(6), e12709. https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12709

Publication

Parasite immunology
ISSN: 1365-3024
NlmUniqueID: 7910948
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 42
Issue: 6
Pages: e12709

Researcher Affiliations

Steuer, Ashley E
  • Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Stewart, John C
  • Lexar Laboratories, Lexington, KY, USA.
Barker, Virginia D
  • Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Adams, Amanda A
  • Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Nielsen, Martin K
  • Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anthelmintics / therapeutic use
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Fenbendazole / therapeutic use
  • Gene Expression / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation / immunology
  • Goblet Cells / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horse Diseases / immunology
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology
  • Horses
  • Larva / drug effects
  • Macrolides / therapeutic use
  • Strongylida / drug effects
  • Strongylida / immunology

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This article includes 26 references
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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Siwińska N, Żak-Bochenek A, Paszkowska M, Karczewski M, Długopolska D, Haider W. Retrospective Evaluation of the Most Frequently Observed Histological Changes in Duodenal and Rectal Mucosal Biopsies in Horses with Recurrent Colic. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 13;12(24).
    doi: 10.3390/ani12243527pubmed: 36552447google scholar: lookup
  2. Hu D, Tang Y, Wang C, Qi Y, Ente M, Li X, Zhang D, Li K, Chu H. The Role of Intestinal Microbial Metabolites in the Immunity of Equine Animals Infected With Horse Botflies. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:832062.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.832062pubmed: 35812868google scholar: lookup
  3. Daniels SP, Leng J, Swann JR, Proudman CJ. Bugs and drugs: a systems biology approach to characterising the effect of moxidectin on the horse's faecal microbiome. Anim Microbiome 2020 Oct 14;2(1):38.
    doi: 10.1186/s42523-020-00056-2pubmed: 33499996google scholar: lookup
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