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Cytological Examination of Secretions From the Paranasal Sinuses in Horses.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine whether the assessment of cytological features of secretions from the paranasal sinuses represents a useful diagnostic tool in equine sinusitis to distinguish between different etiologies. Secretion samples from 50 horses with sinusitis and 10 healthy horses were taken transendoscopically from the drainage angle of the nasomaxillary aperture using a Swing Tip catheter. An additional direct sample from the caudal maxillary sinus was taken from all healthy horses after trephination. A direct sample was obtained from the affected sinus in 19 diseased horses after osteotomy. Samples were smeared on microscope slides and dyed using "Pappenheim stain" for cytological evaluation. Smears from horses with sinusitis (primary n = 14, dental n = 28, cyst n = 2, progressive ethmoidal hematoma [PEH] n = 2, traumatic n = 2, malignant neoplasia n = 2) were dominated by moderate to high numbers of neutrophilic granulocytes and moderate numbers of different epithelial cells, whereas samples from healthy sinuses revealed almost exclusively epithelial cells. Smears in dental-related sinusitis tended to contain more lytic cellular material than in other conditions. Horses with dental sinusitis also showed a higher intracellular and extracellular bacterial burden than horses with other underlying etiologies and healthy horses. The absence of bacteria in light microscopy did not exclude the evidence of pathogenic bacteria from bacterial culture in every case. Case numbers were too small to evaluate the diagnostic value for neoplastic conditions or PEH. In conclusion, cytological examination of secretions from the paranasal sinuses can provide an additional but limited ancillary diagnostic value in equine sinusitis.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2019-03-21 PubMed ID: 31203986DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.03.003Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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This study investigates whether examining the cytological features of secretions from a horse’s paranasal sinuses can be a useful tool for diagnosing equine sinusitis and differentiating various causes. Although the results showed potential, this approach, however, presents limited additional diagnostic value.
Cytological Examination as a Diagnostic Tool
- The aim of the study was to see if evaluating the cytological features of secretions from horse’s paranasal sinuses could serve as a useful diagnostic tool in identifying equine sinusitis and its various causes.
- Secretion samples were obtained from 50 horses with sinusitis and 10 healthy horses.
- A transendoscopic approach was used with the aid of a Swing Tip catheter to take samples from the nasomaxillary aperture’s drainage angle.
Using Pappenheim Stain for Cytological Evaluation
- For cytological evaluation, the samples were smeared on microscope slides and dyed using the Pappenheim stain.
- Neutrophilic granulocytes and various epithelial cells dominated the smears made from the horses with sinusitis.
- On the other hand, samples from healthy sinuses showed predominantly epithelial cells.
Different Findings in Dental-related Sinusitis
- In the cases of dental-related sinusitis, smears tended to have more lytic cellular material than other conditions.
- Horses with dental sinusitis also displayed a higher intracellular and extracellular bacterial burden compared to horses with other causes or healthy horses.
- However, absence of bacteria in light microscopy didn’t rule out the existence of pathogenic bacteria from bacterial culture in every case.
Limited Cases and Diagnostic Value in Neoplastic Conditions or PEH
- The study concluded that while cytological examination of secretions from paranasal sinuses can provide additional information for diagnosis, its usefulness is limited.
- The amount of case numbers were too small to evaluate the diagnostic value for neoplastic conditions or Progressive Ethmoidal Hematoma (PEH).
Cite This Article
APA
Gergeleit H, Bienert-Zeit A, Seemann-Jensen A, Delarocque J, Ohnesorge B.
(2019).
Cytological Examination of Secretions From the Paranasal Sinuses in Horses.
J Equine Vet Sci, 78, 60-68.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2019.03.003 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: hauke.gergeleit@tiho-hannover.de.
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bodily Secretions
- Cell Count / veterinary
- Horse Diseases
- Horses
- Paranasal Sinuses
- Sinusitis / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Schwieder A, Pfarrer C, Ohnesorge B, Staszyk C, Bienert-Zeit A. Comparative studies on the histological characteristics of equine nasomaxillary aperture and paranasal sinus mucosa considering topographic and age-related differences. Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jun 23;62(1):34.
- Kau S, Mansfeld MD, Šoba A, Zwick T, Staszyk C. The facultative human oral pathogen Prevotella histicola in equine cheek tooth apical/ periapical infection: a case report. BMC Vet Res 2021 Oct 30;17(1):343.
- Gergeleit H, Verspohl J, Rohde J, Rohn K, Ohnesorge B, Bienert-Zeit A. A prospective study on the microbiological examination of secretions from the paranasal sinuses in horses in health and disease. Acta Vet Scand 2018 Jul 5;60(1):43.
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