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Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire2016; 80(4); 329-334;

Degree of corneal anesthesia after topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine ophthalmic solution in normal equids.

Abstract: Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution has been widely used off-label in horses and donkeys, despite lack of data demonstrating efficacy and safety in these species. The objective of this study was to assess anesthetic efficacy of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution in horses ( = 5) and donkeys ( = 24) and compare the effects with 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution. The baseline corneal touch threshold (CTT) was measured with a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. Donkeys ( = 12) and horses ( = 5) in group A received sterile ophthalmic solutions 0.4% oxybuprocaine with fluorescein (also termed benoxinate with fluorescein, abbreviated as ben + flu) instilled in one eye and 0.9% sterile sodium chloride solution (NaCl) with fluorescein (Na + flu) in the contralateral eye. Donkeys ( = 12) and horses ( = 5) in group B received sterile ophthalmic solutions (ben + flu) in one eye and 0.5% proparacaine with fluorescein (prop + flu) in the contralateral eye. The CTT was measured at 1 and 5 min post-application and at 5-minute intervals until 75 min after treatment. The CTT changes over time differed significantly between oxybuprocaine-treated and control eyes ( < 0.001). The CTT continued to decrease throughout the duration of the study when compared with baseline values. No statistically significant difference in onset, depth, or duration of corneal anesthesia was found between oxybuprocaine and proparacaine treated eyes during the time of the study. Interestingly, horses were shown to have a significantly more sensitive cornea than donkeys ( = 0.002). Oxybuprocaine and proparacaine reduced corneal sensitivity in donkeys and horses. No local irritation was observed with 0.4% oxybuprocaine. La solution ophtalmique d’hydrochlorure d’oxybuprocaïne a été utilisée extensivement en dérogation chez les chevaux et les ânes, malgré le manque de données démontrant son efficacité et son innocuité chez ces espèces. L’objectif de la présente étude était d’évaluer l’efficacité anesthétique d’une solution ophtalmique d’hydrochlorure d’oxybuprocaïne 0,4 % chez des chevaux ( = 5) et des ânes ( = 24) et comparer les effets avec une solution ophtalmique d’hydochlorure de proparacaïne 0,5 %. La valeur de base du seuil de contact cornéen (SCT) a été mesurée à l’aide d’un esthésiomètre Cochet-Bonnet. Les ânes ( = 12) et chevaux ( = 5) du groupe A ont reçu une solution ophtalmique stérile d’oxybuprocaïne 0,4 % avec de la fluorescéine (également appelée benoxinate avec fluorescéine, abrévié ben + flu) dans un oeil et une solution stérile de chlorure de sodium 0,9 % (NaCl) avec de la fluorescéine (Na + flu) dans l’oeil contra-latéral. Les ânes ( = 12) et chevaux ( = 5) du groupe B ont reçu les solutions ophtalmiques stériles de (ben + flu) dans un oeil et de la propacaïne 0,5 % avec de la fluorescéine (prop + flu) dans l’oeil contra-latéral. Le SCT a été mesuré à 1 et 5 min post-application et à des intervalles de 5 min jusqu’à 75 min après le traitement. Les changements dans le temps du SCT différaient de manière significative entre les yeux traités à l’oxybuprocaïne et les témoins ( < 0,001). Le SCT continua de diminuer tout au long de la durée de l’étude lorsque comparé aux valeurs de base. Aucune différence significative dans le début, la profondeur, ou la durée de l’anesthésie cornéenne ne fut trouvée entre les yeux traités à l’oxybuprocaïne et la proparacaïne durant la durée de l’étude. De manière intéressante, les chevaux avaient une cornée significativement plus sensible que les ânes ( = 0,002). L’oxybuprocaïne et la proparacaïne ont réduit la sensibilité cornéenne chez les ânes et les chevaux. Aucune irritation locale ne fut observée avec l’oxybuprocaïne 0,4 %.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).
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Publication Date: 2016-10-14 PubMed ID: 27733789PubMed Central: PMC5052886
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  • Journal Article
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution in numbing the corneas of horses and donkeys, comparing it to 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution. The research found no significant difference in the onset, depth, and duration of anesthesia between oxybuprocaine and proparacaine. Interestingly, horses were found to have more sensitive corneas than donkeys.

Objective of the Study

  • The primary aim of this research was to test the anesthetic efficacy of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution in horses and donkeys and to compare its effects with a more commonly used option, 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution.

Study Methods

  • Two groups of horses and donkeys were formed. Both species in each group received the ophthalmic solution in one eye and a different solution in the other.
  • Group A (12 donkeys and five horses) received 0.4% oxybuprocaine ophthalmic solution (also known as benoxinate) in one eye and a 0.9% sterile sodium chloride solution in the other.
  • Group B (also consisting of 12 donkeys and five horses) were given benoxinate again but this time compared it with 0.5% proparacaine ophthalmic solution.
  • A Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer was used to measure the corneal touch threshold (CTT), which is the measure of corneal sensitivity, in the test animals before and after treatment at various time intervals and observe how this number changed.

Research Findings

  • The researchers observed a significant difference in the change of CTT over time between the oxybuprocaine-treated eyes and their respective controls, with the CTT generally decreasing in comparison to the baseline values.
  • No significant difference was observed in the onset, depth, or duration of corneal anesthesia between eyes treated with oxybuprocaine and those treated with proparacaine.
  • An interesting observation was that horses were found to have a more sensitive cornea compared to donkeys.
  • Both the oxybuprocaine and proparacaine ophthalmic solutions were found to be effective in reducing corneal sensitivity in donkeys and horses, with no local irritation observed with 0.4% oxybuprocaine.

Implications and Conclusions

  • This study provides valuable data on the efficacy and safety of off-label use of oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution in horses and donkeys.
  • It was concluded that the 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is as effective as the 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and can safely be used for creating topical anesthesia in the clinical practice for equids.

Cite This Article

APA
Little E, Yvorchuk-St Jean K, Little W, Sithole F, St Jean G. (2016). Degree of corneal anesthesia after topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine ophthalmic solution in normal equids. Can J Vet Res, 80(4), 329-334.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 1928-9022
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 80
Issue: 4
Pages: 329-334

Researcher Affiliations

Little, Erika
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies NJ 08830.
Yvorchuk-St Jean, Kathy
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies NJ 08830.
Little, William
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies NJ 08830.
Sithole, Fortune
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies NJ 08830.
St Jean, Guy
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies NJ 08830.

MeSH Terms

  • Administration, Topical
  • Anesthesia, Local / veterinary
  • Anesthetics, Local / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Cornea / drug effects
  • Equidae
  • Male
  • Pressure
  • Procaine / administration & dosage
  • Procaine / analogs & derivatives
  • Procaine / pharmacology

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Abdel-Radi M, Eldaly Z, Alattar S, Goda I. Preservative-Free Topical Anesthetic Unit-Dose Eye Drops for the Management of Postoperative Pain Following Photorefractive Keratectomy. Ophthalmol Ther 2023 Sep 4;.
    doi: 10.1007/s40123-023-00791-0pubmed: 37665497google scholar: lookup
  2. Lelescu CA, Urdă-Cîmpean AE, Dumitraș DA, Taulescu M, Mureșan C. Effects of topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride on corneal sensitivity in rats. PLoS One 2020;15(11):e0241567.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241567pubmed: 33151993google scholar: lookup
  3. Voichanski S, Totah H, Hanhart J. Pain perception during intravitreal injections is related to the timing of instilling anesthetic eyedrops. Int Ophthalmol 2024 Sep 20;44(1):383.
    doi: 10.1007/s10792-024-03315-2pubmed: 39302600google scholar: lookup
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