Detection and inhibition of IgE antibodies reactive with cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants in an ELISA for allergen-specific IgE in horses.
Abstract: It has been demonstrated that immunoglobulin (Ig)E specific for cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) is present in the serum of sensitized humans, dogs and cats, and that these CCD-specific antibodies might confound serological testing. Objective: The objective was to determine whether or not CCD-reactive antibodies occur in horses and to investigate the prevalence of CCD-reactive IgE antibodies in equine sera using a monoclonal cocktail-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay designed to detect allergen-specific IgE in horses, and to evaluate a means for successful inhibition of these CCD. Methods: Sera from 28 horses suspected of clinical allergy were evaluated, with and without a proprietary inhibitor which contains carbohydrates derived from bromelain (BROM-CCD), using a panel of 72 allergens that include 15 grasses, 17 trees, nine weeds, five mites, 12 fungi, 12 insects and two environmental allergens. Results: Twenty-five samples were shown to be reactive to at least one of the allergens, and 15 were reactive to 10 allergens or more. BROM-CCD had minimal effect on the mite reactivity in any of the positive samples; however, substantial inhibition for pollen allergens (trees, grasses and weeds) was demonstrable. Reduction in signal to pollens ranged from 20% to 100% for samples that were inhibited by CCD-BROM. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that CCD-reactive IgE antibodies are evident in horses and that BROM-CCD can be effective in reducing reactions with these irrelevant carbohydrates and will likely yield a more accurate in vitro allergen reactivity profile for selection of allergens included in an immunotherapeutic regime. Background: Il a été montré qu’une réaction croisée de l’immunoglobuline (Ig) E spécifique dirigée contre des déterminants carbohydrates (CDD) est présent dans le serum de l’homme, du chien et du chat sensibilisé et que ces anticorps spécifiques des CDD pourraient perturber les tests sérologiques. HYPOTHÈSES/OBJECTIFS: L’objectif était de déterminer si oui ou non les anticorps CDD-réactifs existent chez le cheval et d’étudier la prévalence des anticorps IgE réactifs CDD dans les sera des chevaux à l’aide de tests ELISA de cocktail monoclonaux désigné pour détecter les IgE spécifiques d’allergènes chez les chevaux et d’évaluer une moyenne pour l’inhibition efficace de ces CDD. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES: Les sera de 28 chevaux suspectés d’allergie clinique ont été évalués avec et sans propriété inhibitrice qui contient des carbohydrates dérivés de bromélaine (BROM-CCD), à l’aide d’un panel de 72 allergènes qui inclus 15 herbacées, 17 arbres, neufs graminées, cinq acariens, 12 champignons, 12 insectes et deux allergènes de l’environnement. RÉSULTATS: Vingt cinq échantillons étaient réactifs à au moins un allergène et 15 étaient réactifs à 10 allergènes ou plus. BROM-CCD avait un effet minime sur a réactivité des acariens pour tous les échantillons positifs ; cependant, une inhibition substantielle pour les pollens (arbres, herbes, graminées) était démontrable. Une réduction du signal aux pollens allait de 20 à 100% des échantillons qui étaient inhibés par CCD-BROM. Unassigned: Ces résultats démontrent que les anticorps IgE réactifs-CCD sont présents chez le cheval et que BROM-CCD est efficace pour réduire les réactions avec des carbohydrates inutiles et permettront d’obtenir un profil de réactivité allergénique in vitro plus fiable pour la sélection des allergènes d’immunothérapie. INTRODUCCIÓN: Se ha demostrado que la inmunoglobulina (Ig)E específica para determinantes de carbohidratos de reacción cruzada (CCD) está presente en el suero de humanos, perros y gatos sensibilizados, y que estos anticuerpos específicos de CCD podrían confundir las pruebas serológicas. HIPÓTESIS/OBJETIVO: el objetivo fue determinar si los anticuerpos reactivos a CCD se producen en caballos e investigar la prevalencia de anticuerpos IgE reactivos a CCD en sueros equinos utilizando un ensayo inmunoabsorbente ligado a enzimas basado en cócteles de monoclonales diseñados para detectar IgE específica de alergenos en caballos y evaluar un medio para inhibir con éxito estos CCD. MÉTODOS Y MATERIALES: se evaluaron los sueros de 28 caballos sospechosos de alergia clínica, con y sin un inhibidor patentado que contiene carbohidratos derivados de la bromelina (BROM-CCD), utilizando un panel de 72 alérgenos que incluyen 15 pastos, 17 árboles, nueve malezas, cinco ácaros, 12 hongos, 12 insectos y dos alérgenos ambientales. RESULTADOS: se demostró que veinticinco muestras eran reactivas a al menos uno de los alérgenos y 15 eran reactivas a 10 alérgenos o más. BROM-CCD tuvo un efecto mínimo sobre la reactividad del ácaro en cualquiera de las muestras positivas; sin embargo, se demostró una inhibición sustancial de los alérgenos del polen (árboles, pastos y malezas). La reducción de la señal a los pólenes osciló entre el 20% y el 100% para las muestras inhibidas por CCD-BROM. CONCLUSIONES E IMPORTANCIA CLÍNICA: estos resultados demuestran que los anticuerpos IgE reactivos a CCD son evidentes en caballos y que BROM-CCD es eficaz para reducir las reacciones con estos carbohidratos irrelevantes y probablemente producirá un perfil de reactividad de alérgenos in vitro más preciso para la selección de alérgenos incluidos en un régimen inmunoterapéutico. Unassigned: Es wurde gezeigt, dass kreuzreaktive Kohlenhydrat Komponenten (CCD) spezifisch für Immunglobulin E (IgE) im Serum von sensibilisierten Menschen, Hunden und Katzen vorkommen und diese CCD-spezifischen Antikörper das serologische Testen beeinträchtigen könnten. Unassigned: Das Ziel war es festzustellen, ob CCD-reaktive Antikörper bei Pferden auftreten oder nicht und die Prävalenz der CCD-reaktiven IgE Antikörper in Pferdesera zu untersuchen. Dabei wurde ein Enzym-linked-Immunosorbent-Assey basierend auf einem monoklonalen Cocktail, welcher designed war Allergen-spezifische IgE bei Pferden zu entdecken, verwendet. Auch sollte ein Weg gefunden werden, diese CCD erfolgreich zu blockieren. Unassigned: Es wurden Sera von 28 Pferden, bei denen der Verdacht auf eine klinische Allergie bestand, mit und ohne einen eigenen Inhibitor, der Kohlenhydrate beinhaltete, die aus Bromelain (BROM-CCD) stammten, evaluiert. Dabei wurde ein Panel von 72 Allergenen, welches 15 Gräser, 17 Bäume, neun Unkräuter, fünf Milben, 12 Pilze, 12 Insekten und zwei Umweltallergene beinhaltete, verwendet. Unassigned: Fünfundzwanzig Proben zeigten sich reaktiv auf zumindest eines der Allergene, 15 reagierten auf 10 Allergene oder mehr. BROM-CCD zeigte bei allen positiven Proben eine minimale Auswirkung auf die Reaktivität der Milben; es konnte jedoch eine deutliche Inhibition der Pollenallergene (Bäume, Gräser, Unkräuter) gezeigt werden. Bei den Proben, die mit CCD-BROM inhibiert wurden, zeigte sich eine Reduzierung der Reaktivität auf Pollen um 20-100%. Unassigned: Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass CCD-reaktive IgE Antikörper bei Pferden vorkommen und dass BROM-CCD wirksam dabei ist, Reaktionen mit diesen irrelevanten Kohlenhydraten zu reduzieren. Außerdem ist anzunehmen, dass es ein genaueres in vitro Allergen-Reaktivitätsprofil für die Auswahl der Allergene, die zur Immuntherapie ausgewählt werden, liefern wird. 背景: 感作されたヒト、イヌおよびネコの血清中には、交差反応性炭水化物決定基 (CCD) に特異的な免疫グロブリン (Ig)Eが存在し、これらのCCD特異的抗体が血清学的検査を混乱させる可能性があることが実証されている。 仮説・目的: 本研究の目的は、馬にCCD反応性抗体が生じるか否かを明らかにし、馬のアレルゲン特異的IgEを検出するように設計されたモノクローナルカクテルベースの酵素結合免疫吸着法を用いて、馬血清中のCCD反応性IgE抗体の有病率を調べ、これらのCCDをうまく阻害する手段を評価することであった。 材料と方法: 臨床的にアレルギーが疑われる28頭の馬血清を、ブロメライン由来炭水化物を含む独自の阻害剤 (BROM-CCD)の有無によって、牧草15、樹木17、雑草9、ダニ5、真菌12、昆虫12、環境アレルゲン2を含む72種類のアレルゲンパネルを用いて評価した。 結果: 25サンプルが少なくとも1つのアレルゲンに反応し、15サンプルが10個以上のアレルゲンに反応したことが示された。BROM-CCDは、いずれの陽性サンプルにおいてもダニ反応にはほとんど影響を与えなかったが、花粉アレルゲン (樹木、草、雑草) に対してはかなりの抑制効果が見られた。CCD-BROMによって抑制されたサンプルでは、花粉に対するシグナルの減少は20%から100%であった。 結論と臨床的重要性: これらの結果は、CCD-反応性IgE抗体が馬に存在することを示し、BROM-CCDがこれらの無関係な炭水化物との反応を減少させるのに有効であることを示しており、免疫療法体制に含まれるアレルゲンを選択するためのより正確なin vitroアレルゲン反応性プロファイルをもたらすであろう。. 背景: 已经证明, 交叉反应性碳水化合物决定簇(CCD)特异性免疫球蛋白(Ig)E存在于致敏人、犬和猫的血清中, 并且这些CCD特异性抗体可能混淆血清学检测。 假设/目的: 目的是确定马是否存在CCD反应性抗体, 并使用设计用于检测马过敏原特异性IgE的单克隆鸡尾酒酶联免疫吸附试验研究马血清中CCD反应性IgE抗体的流行率, 并评价成功抑制这些CCD的方法。 方法和材料: 使用一组72种过敏原 (包括15种草、17种树、9种杂草、5种螨虫、12种真菌、12种昆虫和2种环境过敏原) , 在含和不含源自菠萝蛋白酶的碳水化合物的专有抑制剂(BROM-CCD)的情况下, 对来自28匹疑似临床过敏马的血清进行评价。 结果: 25份样本显示对其中至少一种过敏原有反应, 15份对10种或更多种过敏原有反应。在任何阳性样品中, BROM-CCD对螨虫反应性的影响极小; 然而, 证明了对花粉过敏原 (树木、草和杂草) 的显著抑制。对于被CCD-BROM抑制的样本, 花粉信号的减少范围为20%-100%。 结论和临床意义: 这些结果表明, CCD反应性IgE抗体在马体内很明显, 并且BROM-CCD可有效减少与这些不相关碳水化合物的反应, 并且可能产生更准确的体外过敏原反应性特征, 用于选择免疫治疗方案中包含的过敏原。. Unassigned: Tem-se demonstrado que a imunoglobulina (Ig) E específica para determinantes carboidratos de reação cruzada (CCD) está presente no soro de humanos sensibilizados, cães e gatos, e que estes anticorpos CCD-específicos podem confundir testes sorológicos. HIPÓTESE/OBJETIVO: O objetivo foi determinar se os anticorpos anti-CCD ocorrem ou não em equinos e investigar a prevalência de anticorpos IgE CCD-reativos no soro equino utilizando um ensaio imunoabsorvente enzimático baseado em um coquetel monoclonal desenvolvido para detectar IgE alérgeno-específica em cavalos e para avaliar uma forma de inibição bem-sucedida desses CCD. MÉTODOS E MATERIAIS: Soro de 28 cavalos com suspeita clínica de alergia foram avaliados, com ou sem um inibidor patenteado que contém carboidratos derivados da bromelaína (BROM-CCD), utilizando um painel de 72 alérgenos que incluem 15 gramíneas, 17 árvores, nove arbustos, cinco ácaros, 12 fungos, 12 insetos e dois alérgenos ambientais. Results: Vinte e cinco amostras apresentaram reatividade a ao menos um dos alérgenos, e 15 foram reativas a 10 alérgenos ou mais. BROM-CCD teve mínimo efeito na reatividade a ácaros em todas as amostras positivas; entretanto, inibição substancial para alérgenos de pólens (árvores, gramíneas e arbustos) pôde ser demonstrada. A redução da sinalização para pólens variou de 20% a 100% para as amostras que foram inibidas pelo BROM-CCD. CONCLUSÕES E IMPORTÂNCIA CLÍNICA: Estes resultados demonstram que os anticorpos IgE CCD-reativos são evidentes em cavalos e que BROM-CCD é eficaz na redução das reações a esses carboidratos irrelevantes e provavelmente produzirá perfis de reatividade in vitro mais acurados para a seleção de alérgenos a serem incluídos em um regime imunoterapêutico.
© 2021 ESVD and ACVD.
Publication Date: 2021-05-06 PubMed ID: 33956389DOI: 10.1111/vde.12963Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Allergies
- Antibodies
- Biochemistry
- Cells
- Clinical Study
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease
- Disease Diagnosis
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Immunoglobulin E
- Immunology
- In Vitro Research
- Inflammation
- Laboratory Methods
- Monoclonal Antibodies
- Physiology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The study focuses on identifying the occurrence of antibodies known as Immunoglobulin E (IgE), which react to cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD), in horses. It also assesses the prevalence of these antibodies and investigates strategies to inhibit their activity, in an effort to improve allergen-specific IgE detection and increase the effectiveness of immuno-therapeutic treatments.
Research Objective and Methodology
- The primary objective of this research was to determine the existence of CCD-reactive antibodies in horses and to assess the prevalence of these antibodies.
- The researchers utilized a cocktail-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that was uniquely designed to detect allergen-specific IgE in horses.
- The study investigated the effectiveness of an inhibitor that contains carbohydrates derived from bromelain (BROM-CCD) in inhibiting these CCDs.
- The team evaluated the sera from 28 horses suspected of having clinical allergies using a panel of 72 allergens, including grasses, trees, weeds, mites, fungi, insects, and environmental allergens.
Research Findings and Conclusions
- Out of the 28 serum samples evaluated, 25 were shown to react to at least one allergen, and 15 were reactive to ten or more allergens.
- The inhibitor BROM-CCD had little effect on mite reactivity. However, it demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on pollen allergens.
- The BROM-CCD inhibitor was effective in reducing reactions with these irrelevant carbohydrates, allowing for a more accurate in-vitro allergen reactivity profile for the selection of allergens included in an immunotherapeutic regime.
Implications of Study
- This research contributes to providing a better understanding of the nature of IgE antibodies that horses produce in response to allergens. It is particularly vital in refining the process of allergen detection which is crucial for determining suitable immuno-therapeutic treatments for horses.
- The results of the study can potentially lead to the development of more precise allergen-specific IgE detection in horses, thereby improving the efficacy of allergy diagnoses and subsequent treatment strategies.
Cite This Article
APA
Enck KM, Lee KW, McKinney BH, Blankenship KD, Montesano C.
(2021).
Detection and inhibition of IgE antibodies reactive with cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants in an ELISA for allergen-specific IgE in horses.
Vet Dermatol, 32(6), 685-e184.
https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12963 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Stallergenes Greer, 639 Nuway Circle, Lenoir, NC, USA.
- Stallergenes Greer, 639 Nuway Circle, Lenoir, NC, USA.
- Stallergenes Greer, 639 Nuway Circle, Lenoir, NC, USA.
- Stallergenes Greer, 639 Nuway Circle, Lenoir, NC, USA.
- Montesano & Tallarico, LLP, PO Box 1396, Smithtown, NY, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Allergens
- Animals
- Carbohydrates
- Cat Diseases
- Cats
- Cross Reactions
- Dog Diseases
- Dogs
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horses
- Immunoglobulin E
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Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Tuppo L, Giangrieco I, Tamburrini M, Alessandri C, Mari A, Ciardiello MA. Detection of Allergenic Proteins in Foodstuffs: Advantages of the Innovative Multiplex Allergen Microarray-Based Immunoassay Compared to Conventional Methods. Foods 2022 Mar 19;11(6).
- Marsella R. Atopic Dermatitis in Domestic Animals: What Our Current Understanding Is and How This Applies to Clinical Practice. Vet Sci 2021 Jul 2;8(7).
- Camus-Ela M, Wang Y, Rennie GH, Raghavan V, Wang J. Update on hazelnut allergy: Allergen characterization, epidemiology, food processing technique and detecting strategy. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2025 Mar;24(2):e70098.
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