Detection of Neospora spp. and Sarcocystis neurona in amniotic fluid and placentas from mares.

The article discusses the investigation of the presence of DNA from Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora spp., and Sarcocystis neurona, which are linked to neurological and reproductive diseases in horses, in the placental tissues and amniotic fluid of mares.

Objective of the Research

• The main aim of the research was to examine the presence of parasite DNA—specifically from Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora spp., and Sarcocystis neurona—in the placentas and amniotic fluid of mares.

Research Methodology

• The researchers evaluated the antibody titers for these three parasites in 31 mares in the last third of their pregnancy by using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT).
• To confirm the presence of parasite DNA in placental tissues and amniotic fluid, the researchers utilized the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, targeting specifically two loci (ITS1 and Nc5).

Research Findings

• No T. gondii DNA or antibodies were detected in the mares.
• Neospora spp. antibodies were detected in 6 mares (19.35 %), and Neospora spp. DNA was found in four placentas (12.9 %) and five amniotic fluid samples (16.6 %).
• Antibodies against Sarcocystis spp. were detected in nine of the mares, but its DNA was only detected in one placenta (3.23 %).

Implications of the Findings

• The researchers have tentatively suggested that the transplacental route might be a source of Neospora caninum infection in mares based on their findings.
• They concluded that further studies are necessary to better understand the role of this possible transplacental transmission in the epidemiology of these parasites.