Detection of papillomavirus in equine periocular and penile squamous cell carcinoma.
Abstract: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common tumor arising in the periocular and penile areas of horses. Both ultraviolet radiation and papillomaviruses have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SCC in various species, including the horse. This retrospective study used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect papillomavirus DNA in archival biopsy samples from equine periocular and penile SCC from 3 different geographic areas (northeast, southeast, and central United States). Forty-two periocular SCCs were tested; none contained papillomavirus DNA. Twenty-two penile SCCs were tested, and papillomavirus DNA was identified in 10 (43%) cases. Sequencing of the PCR products revealed homology with Equus caballus papillomavirus 2 (EcPV-2). No geographic distribution in the detection of papillomavirus was identified. Penile SCCs were significantly more likely to be papillomavirus positive than the periocular SCCs (P < 0.001). The role of papillomavirus in the development of penile SCC requires further investigation. The differing pathogeneses of periocular and penile SCC suggest that the tumors may respond differently to treatment.
Publication Date: 2013-12-09 PubMed ID: 24323055DOI: 10.1177/1040638713511618Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article discusses a study that sought to determine the presence of papillomavirus DNA in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) samples taken from horse eyes and genitals using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study found that while no papillomavirus DNA was detected in eye SCCs, it was present in nearly half of the genital SCCs.
Research Objective and Methodology
- The study aimed to identify whether papillomavirus, a virus known to play a role in the development of SCC in various species, was present in biopsy samples from equine (horse) eye and penile tumors. These areas were selected because they are where SCC is most commonly seen in horses.
- The authors performed what is known as a “retrospective study”, meaning they used already-existing samples rather than collecting new ones for the purpose of this research.
- PCR, a technique used to amplify targeted DNA sequences, was used to identify the presence of papillomavirus DNA in the samples.
- The samples came from three different geographic regions in the United States: northeast, southeast, and central. This was done in an attempt to account for regional differences that may impact the study’s results.
Research Findings
- Forty-two samples from periocular (around the eye) SCCs were tested, none of which contained the papillomavirus DNA.
- Of the twenty-two penile SCCs tested, the papillomavirus DNA was identified in ten, which is 43% of the total. This was a significant finding, suggesting that papillomavirus may play a role in the development of penile SCC in horses.
- There was no correlation between the geographical origin of the samples and the presence of papillomavirus DNA.
Implications and Future Research
- The finding that penile, but not periocular, SCC samples contained papillomavirus DNA suggests possible differences in the causes of these types of tumor. This also implicates that the virus could play a role in the development of penile SCC in horses.
- The research points to a need for further investigation into the role of papillomavirus in penile SCC development.
- It is also suggested that treatment for these two types of tumors might need to be different, given the potential variation in their pathogenesis.
Cite This Article
APA
Newkirk KM, Hendrix DV, Anis EA, Rohrbach BW, Ehrhart EJ, Lyons JA, Kania SA.
(2013).
Detection of papillomavirus in equine periocular and penile squamous cell carcinoma.
J Vet Diagn Invest, 26(1), 131-135.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638713511618 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- 1Kim M. Newkirk, 2407 River Drive, Room A205, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996. knewkirk@utk.edu.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / veterinary
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / virology
- DNA, Viral / chemistry
- DNA, Viral / genetics
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Male
- Papillomaviridae / genetics
- Papillomaviridae / isolation & purification
- Papillomavirus Infections / pathology
- Papillomavirus Infections / veterinary
- Papillomavirus Infections / virology
- Penile Neoplasms / pathology
- Penile Neoplasms / veterinary
- Penile Neoplasms / virology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Retrospective Studies
- Skin Neoplasms / pathology
- Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
- Skin Neoplasms / virology
- United States
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Schaefer EAF, Chu S, Wylie KM, Wylie TN, Griffith OL, Pearce JW, Johnson GC, Bryan JN, Flesner BK. Metagenomic Analysis of DNA Viruses with Targeted Sequence Capture of Canine Lobular Orbital Adenomas and Normal Conjunctiva.. Microorganisms 2023 Apr 28;11(5).
- Miglinci L, Reicher P, Nell B, Koch M, Jindra C, Brandt S. Detection of Equine Papillomaviruses and Gamma-Herpesviruses in Equine Squamous Cell Carcinoma.. Pathogens 2023 Jan 23;12(2).
- da Silva TRO, Gonçalves PNC, Marcus VB, Mucellini CI, Dos Santos IR, Kommers G, Driemeier D, Flores EF, Cargnelutti JF, Flores MM. Detection of Equus caballus papillomavirus-2 in equine penile/preputial papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas in southern Brazil.. Braz J Microbiol 2022 Sep;53(3):1707-1713.
- Arthurs C, Suarez-Bonnet A, Willis C, Xie B, Machulla N, Mair TS, Cao K, Millar M, Thrasivoulou C, Priestnall SL, Ahmed A. Equine penile squamous cell carcinoma: expression of biomarker proteins and EcPV2.. Sci Rep 2020 May 12;10(1):7863.
- Singer-Berk MH, Knickelbein KE, Lounsberry ZT, Crausaz M, Vig S, Joshi N, Britton M, Settles ML, Reilly CM, Bentley E, Nunnery C, Dwyer A, Lassaline ME, Bellone RR. Additional Evidence for DDB2 T338M as a Genetic Risk Factor for Ocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Horses.. Int J Genomics 2019;2019:3610965.
- Hibi H, Hatama S, Obata A, Shibahara T, Kadota K. Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and papilloma associated with Equus caballus papillomavirus 2 in a horse.. J Vet Med Sci 2019 Jul 19;81(7):1029-1033.
- Fornazari GA, Kravetz J, Kiupel M, Sledge D, Filho IRB, Montiani-Ferreira F. Ocular squamous cell carcinoma in Holstein cows from the South of Brazil.. Vet World 2017 Dec;10(12):1413-1420.
- Anis EA, Frank LA, Francisco R, Kania SA. Identification of canine papillomavirus by PCR in Greyhound dogs.. PeerJ 2016;4:e2744.
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