Determination of boldenone sulfoconjugate and related steroid sulfates in equine urine by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
Abstract: Sulfoconjugated anabolic steroids were separated by micro-bore high-performance liquid chromatography. The eluent was introduced into the atmospheric pressure ion source of the triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer via an ion spray liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer interface operated in the negative ion mode. The limit of detection was 10 pg on-column by selected ion monitoring of the molecular ion and the response increased linearly over a concentration range of 2.4 orders of magnitude. Following work-up by a liquid-solid extraction procedure of equine urine samples, full-scan daughter ion spectra of boldenone sulfate could be obtained up to 17 days after a therapeutic dose of boldenone undecylenate to a horse.
Publication Date: 1988-03-01 PubMed ID: 3365498DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200150508Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research article discusses the utilization of high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry to detect sulfoconjugated anabolic steroids such as boldenone in equine urine.
Methodology
- The researchers separated sulfoconjugated anabolic steroids by employing micro-bore high-performance liquid chromatography.
- The eluent, a substance that emerges from a chromatograph, was then introduced to the atmospheric pressure ion source of a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer. This was done via an ion spray liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer interface in negative ion mode.
- The limit of detection for this procedure was measured to be 10 pg on-column by using selected ion monitoring of the molecular ion. The response from the procedure increased linearly over a concentration range of 2.4 orders of magnitude.
Real World Application
- The team used a liquid-solid extraction procedure to work up equine urine samples.
- In a practical application, they were able to get full-scan daughter ion spectra for boldenone sulfate up to seventeen days after a horse was given a therapeutic dose of boldenone undecylenate.
Significance of the Study
- The study demonstrated the effectiveness of using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to separate and adequately sense sulfoconjugated anabolic steroids.
- The success of separating and identifying the creature of boldenone sulfate from equine urine samples even days after drug administration can be an important development in the field of slightly sophisticated drug detection in sporting industry where performance enhancement substances might be used.
- This method could allow for more accurate testing and screening for the presence of anabolic steroids in horses, ensuring a level playing field in equestrian sports.
Cite This Article
APA
Weidolf LO, Lee ED, Henion JD.
(1988).
Determination of boldenone sulfoconjugate and related steroid sulfates in equine urine by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
Biomed Environ Mass Spectrom, 15(5), 283-289.
https://doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200150508 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Drug Testing and Toxicology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Horses
- Mass Spectrometry
- Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
- Testosterone / analogs & derivatives
- Testosterone / urine
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Nordin E, Steffensen SK, Laursen BB, Andersson SO, Johansson JE, Åman P, Hallmans G, Borre M, Stærk D, Hanhineva K, Fomsgaard IS, Landberg R. An inverse association between plasma benzoxazinoid metabolites and PSA after rye intake in men with prostate cancer revealed with a new method. Sci Rep 2022 Mar 28;12(1):5260.
- Knollenberg BJ, Li GX, Lambert JD, Maximova SN, Guiltinan MJ. Clovamide, a Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amide, Is a Resistance Factor Against Phytophthora spp. in Theobroma cacao. Front Plant Sci 2020;11:617520.
- White RH, Allen KD, Wegener G. Identification of a Redox Active Thioquinoxalinol Sulfate Compound Produced by an Anaerobic Methane-Oxidizing Microbial Consortium. ACS Omega 2019 Dec 31;4(27):22613-22622.
- Sansone A, Hassenklöver T, Offner T, Fu X, Holy TE, Manzini I. Dual processing of sulfated steroids in the olfactory system of an anuran amphibian. Front Cell Neurosci 2015;9:373.
- Yan Y, Rempel DL, Holy TE, Gross ML. Mass spectrometry combinations for structural characterization of sulfated-steroid metabolites. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2014 May;25(5):869-79.
- Perkins JR, Parker CE, Tomer KB. Nanoscale separations combined with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: Sulfonamide determination. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 1992 Feb;3(2):139-49.
- Poon GK, Bisset GM, Mistry P. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for analysis of low-molecular-weight anticancer drugs and their analogues. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 1993 Jul;4(7):588-95.
- Buhrman DL, Price PI, Rudewiczcor PJ. Quantitation of SR 27417 in human plasma using electrospray liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: A study of ion suppression. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 1996 Nov;7(11):1099-105.
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