Determination of lidocaine and its two N-desethylated metabolites in dog and horse plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
Abstract: A sensitive method for the quantification of lidocaine and its metabolites, monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX), in animal plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is described. The sample preparation includes a liquid-liquid extraction with methyl tert-butylmethyl ether after addition of 2M sodium hydroxide. Ethylmethylglycinexylidide (EMGX) is used as an internal standard. For chromatographic separation, an ODS Hypersil column was used. Isocratic elution was achieved with 0.01 M ammonium acetate and acetonitrile as mobile phases. Good linearity was observed in the range of 2.5-1000 ng ml(-1) for lidocaine in both dog and horse plasma. For MEGX, linear calibration curves were obtained in the range of 5-1000 ng ml(-1) and 20-1000 ng ml(-1) for dog and horse plasma, respectively. In dog and horse plasma good linearity was observed in the range of 200-1500 ng ml(-1) for GX. The limit of quantification (LOQ) in dog plasma for lidocaine, MEGX and GX was set at 2.5 ng ml(-1), 20 ng ml(-1) and 200 ng ml(-1), respectively. For horse plasma a limit of quantification of 2.5 ng ml(-1), 5 ng ml(-1) and 200 ng ml(-1) was achieved for lidocaine, MEGX and GX, respectively. In dog plasma, the limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 0.8 ng ml(-1), 2.3 ng ml(-1) and 55 ng ml(-1) for lidocaine, MEGX and GX, respectively. In horse plasma the LOD's found for lidocaine, MEGX and GX, were 1.1 ng ml(-1), 0.5 ng ml(-1) and 13 ng ml(-1), respectively. The method was shown to be of use in pharmacokinetic studies after application of a transdermal patch in dogs and after an intravenous infusion in horses.
Publication Date: 2007-01-18 PubMed ID: 17296334DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.01.010Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research article describes a sensitive technique to measure lidocaine and two of its metabolites in the plasma of dogs and horses using advanced technical methods, namely high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
Methodology
- The researchers established a procedure to sense and quantify lidocaine and its metabolites, monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX), in the plasma of animals.
- This method includes a liquid-liquid extraction phase with methyl tert-butylmethyl ether, which followed addition of 2M sodium hydroxide.
- A substance called ethylmethylglycinexylidide (EMGX) was applied as an internal standard during the process.
- The team used an ODS Hypersil column to separate the substances (known as chromatographic separation).
- They accomplished isocratic elution by mobilizing 0.01 M ammonium acetate and acetonitrile phases.
Results
- There was good linearity in the range of 2.5-1000 ng ml(-1) for lidocaine in both dog and horse plasma. That is, the method was standardized, and showed a consistent increase in detection in this range of concentrations.
- The researchers obtained linear calibration curves in the ranges of 5-1000 ng ml(-1) and 20-1000 ng ml(-1) for MEGX in dog and horse plasma respectively.
- They also noticed good linearity from 200-1500 ng ml(-1) of GX in dog and horse plasma.
- The limit of quantification (LOQ), the smallest concentration that can be measured with acceptable accuracy and precision, was established for lidocaine, MEGX and GX.
- The limit of detection (LOD), the lowest quantity of a substance that can be distinguished from the absence of that substance, was found in both dog and horse plasma for all three substances.
Conclusions
- The method was demonstrated to be effective in studying pharmacokinetics – how a drug moves within the body – after the application of a transdermal patch in dogs and post intravenous infusion in horses.
- This technique provides a sensitive means to understand the dosage and absorption of lidocaine in animal models, particularly for transdermal and intravenous applications.
Cite This Article
APA
Maes A, Weiland L, Sandersen C, Gasthuys F, De Backer P, Croubels S.
(2007).
Determination of lidocaine and its two N-desethylated metabolites in dog and horse plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 852(1-2), 180-187.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.01.010 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, Biochemistry and Organ Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. an.maes@ugent.be
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Calibration
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
- Dogs
- Horses
- Lidocaine / blood
- Reference Standards
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / methods
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Kim JH, Kang DW, Choi GW, Lee SB, Lee S, Cho HY. Evaluation of Lidocaine and Metabolite Pharmacokinetics in Hyaluronic Acid Injection. Pharmaceutics 2021 Feb 2;13(2).
- Devriendt N, Serrano G, Croubels S, Stock E, Vandermeulen E, Paepe D, von Luckner J, de Rooster H. Evaluation of serum lidocaine/monoethylglycylxylidide concentration to assess shunt closure in dogs with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Jan;35(1):261-268.
- Wang Y, Ou-Yang QG, Huang WL, Huang HL, Zhuang XL, Lin QM, Zeng DL. Investigation of the Inhibitory Effect of Simvastatin on the Metabolism of Lidocaine Both in vitro and in vivo. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020;14:1739-1747.
- ALQuadeib BT, Eltahir EK, Alagili MF. The Oral Administration of Lidocaine HCl Biodegradable Microspheres: Formulation and Optimization. Int J Nanomedicine 2020;15:857-869.
- Foong KW, Mohamad Haron DE, Chaw SH, Lo YL, Omer N, Loh PS. Development and Validation of an HPLC-MS/MS Method for Quantitative Bioanalysis of Lidocaine and its Metabolites in Human Plasma: Application in a Population Pharmacokinetic Study. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2025 Nov;50(6):515-528.
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