Determination of the anaerobic threshold and maximal lactate steady state speed in equines using the lactate minimum speed protocol.
Abstract: Maximal blood lactate steady state concentration (MLSS) and anaerobic threshold (AT) have been shown to accurately predict long distance events performance and training loads, as well, in human athletes. Horse endurance races can take up to 160 km and, in practice, coaches use the 4 mM blood lactate concentration, a human based fixed concentration to establish AT, to predict training loads to horse athletes, what can lead to misleading training loads. The lactate minimum speed (LMS) protocol that consists in an initial elevation in blood lactate level by a high intensity bout of exercise and then establishes an individual equilibrium between lactate production and catabolism during progressive submaximal efforts, has been proposed as a nonfixed lactate concentration, to measure individual AT and at the same time predicts MLSS for human long distance runners and basketball players as well. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of the LMS protocol in endurance horse athletes. Five male horses that were engaged on endurance training, for at least 1 year of regular training and competition, were used in this study. Animals were submitted to a 500 m full gallop to determine each blood lactate time to peak (LP) after these determinations, animals were submitted to a progressive 1000 m exercise, starting at 15 km h(-1) to determine LMS, and after LMS determination animals were also submitted to two 10,000 m running, first at LMS and then 10% above LMS to test MLSS accuracy. Mean LP was 8.2+/-0.7 mM at approximately 5.8+/-6.09 min, mean LMS was 20.75+/-2.06 km h(-1) and mean heart rate at LMS was 124.8+/-4.7 BPM. Blood lactate remained at rest baseline levels during 10,000 m trial at LMS, but reached a six fold significantly raise during 10% above LMS trial after 4000 and 6000 m (p<0.05) and (p<0.01) after 8000 and 10,000 m. In conclusion, our adapted LMS protocol for horse athletes proposed here seems to be a reliable method to state endurance horse athletes LT and MLSS.
Publication Date: 2006-11-22 PubMed ID: 17234441DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.11.002Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research aimed to assess the reliability of the Lactate Minimum Speed (LMS) protocol, a non-fixed lactate concentration, for determining the anaerobic threshold (AT) and the maximal blood lactate steady state concentration (MLSS) in equine endurance athletes.
Study Objective
- The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Lactate Minimum Speed (LMS) protocol, often used for human athletes, in training equine athletes for endurance races. Traditionally, a fixed blood lactate concentration, designed for humans, is used to determine the Anaerobic Threshold (AT). This method can often lead to miscalculated training loads for equines. The researchers hypothesized that the LMS protocol might accurately determine individual AT and predict MLSS in equine athletes.
Study Protocol
- Five male equine athletes, involved in regular endurance training and participating in competitions for at least a year were used for this study.
- The procedure began with a 500m gallop to determine the time taken for each horse’s lactate to peak (LP).
- Following this, the horses underwent a progressive 1000m exercise, starting at a speed of 15 km/h in order to derive the LMS.
- LMS was then used as a baseline in two 10,000m runs, one at the derived LMS speed and the other 10% higher, to evaluate MLSS accuracy.
Results
- The mean LP was found to be 8.2+/-0.7 mM at approximately 5.8+/-6.09 minutes.
- The average LMS determined was about 20.75+/-2.06 km/h and the average heart rate at this speed was approximately 124.8+/-4.7 BPM.
- During the 10,000m trial at LMS, blood lactate levels remained around the resting baseline. However, they significantly increased up to six times when the trial was conducted at a speed 10% above the determined LMS. This was especially evident after 4000m and 6000m (p<0.05) and even more pronounced after 8000m and 10,000m (p<0.01).
Conclusion
- These findings suggest that the adapted LMS protocol for establishing AT and MLSS in horse athletes is a reliable method for determining effective training loads in endurance horse training.
Cite This Article
APA
Gondim FJ, Zoppi CC, Pereira-da-Silva L, de Macedo DV.
(2006).
Determination of the anaerobic threshold and maximal lactate steady state speed in equines using the lactate minimum speed protocol.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 146(3), 375-380.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.11.002 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil.
MeSH Terms
- Anaerobic Threshold / physiology
- Animals
- Heart Rate
- Horses / physiology
- Lactic Acid / blood
- Male
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
- Running
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Pasquiet B, Biau S, Trébot Q, Debril JF, Durand F, Fradet L. Detection of Horse Locomotion Modifications Due to Training with Inertial Measurement Units: A Proof-of-Concept.. Sensors (Basel) 2022 Jul 1;22(13).
- Mazan M. Equine exercise physiology-challenges to the respiratory system.. Anim Front 2022 Jun;12(3):15-24.
- De Maré L, Boshuizen B, Vidal Moreno de Vega C, de Meeûs C, Plancke L, Gansemans Y, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, de Oliveira JE, Hosotani G, Oosterlinck M, Delesalle C. Profiling the Aerobic Window of Horses in Response to Training by Means of a Modified Lactate Minimum Speed Test: Flatten the Curve.. Front Physiol 2022;13:792052.
- Junior PB, de Andrade VL, Campos EZ, Kalva-Filho CA, Zagatto AM, de Araújo GG, Papoti M. Effect of Endurance Training on The Lactate and Glucose Minimum Intensities.. J Sports Sci Med 2018 Mar;17(1):117-123.
- Messias LHD, Gobatto CA, Beck WR, Manchado-Gobatto FB. The Lactate Minimum Test: Concept, Methodological Aspects and Insights for Future Investigations in Human and Animal Models.. Front Physiol 2017;8:389.
- Kang OD, Park YS. Effect of age on heart rate, blood lactate concentration, packed cell volume and hemoglobin to exercise in Jeju crossbreed horses.. J Anim Sci Technol 2017;59:2.
- Kang OD, Ryu YC, Yun YM, Kang MS. Physiological changes in jeju crossbred riding horses by swim training.. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2012 Feb;25(2):200-6.
- Peinado AB, Rojo JJ, Calderón FJ, Maffulli N. Responses to increasing exercise upon reaching the anaerobic threshold, and their control by the central nervous system.. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2014;6:17.
- Puga GM, Kokubun E, Simões HG, Nakamura FY, Campbell CS. Aerobic fitness evaluation during walking tests identifies the maximal lactate steady state.. ScientificWorldJournal 2012;2012:769431.
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