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Home / Equine Research Bank / Biol Reprod / Developing a reproducible protocol for culturing functional ...
Biology of reproduction2021; 106(4); 710-729; doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioab243

Developing a reproducible protocol for culturing functional confluent monolayers of differentiated equine oviduct epithelial cells†.

Abstract: We describe the development of two methods for obtaining confluent monolayers of polarized, differentiated equine oviduct epithelial cells (EOEC) in Transwell inserts and microfluidic chips. EOECs from the ampulla were isolated post-mortem and seeded either (1) directly onto a microporous membrane as differentiated EOECs (direct seeding protocol) or (2) first cultured to a confluent de-differentiated monolayer in conventional wells, then trypsinized and seeded onto a microporous membrane (re-differentiation protocol). Maintenance or induction of EOEC differentiation in these systems was achieved by air-liquid interface introduction. Monolayers cultured via both protocols were characterized by columnar, cytokeratin 19-positive EOECs in Transwell inserts. However, only the re-differentiation protocol could be transferred successfully to the microfluidic chips. Integrity of the monolayers was confirmed by transepithelial resistance measurements, tracer flux, and the demonstration of an intimate network of tight junctions. Using the direct protocol, 28% of EOECs showed secondary cilia at the apical surface in a diffuse pattern. In contrast, re-differentiated polarized EOECs rarely showed secondary cilia in either culture system (>90% of the monolayers showed <1% ciliated EOECs). Occasionally (5-10%), re-differentiated monolayers with 11-27% EOECs with secondary cilia in a diffuse pattern were obtained. Additionally, nuclear progesterone receptor expression was found to be inhibited by simulated luteal phase hormone concentrations, and sperm binding to cilia was higher for re-differentiated EOEC monolayers exposed to estrogen-progesterone concentrations mimicking the follicular rather than luteal phase. Overall, a functional equine oviduct model was established with close morphological resemblance to in vivo oviduct epithelium.
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for the Study of Reproduction. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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Publication Date: 2021-12-29 PubMed ID: 34962550PubMed Central: PMC9040661DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab243Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research developed two methods to cultivate layers of differentiated equine oviduct epithelial cells (EOEC), which provide a model for studying the equine oviduct. The protocols were successful in creating a confluent cellular layer under specific conditions and cell characteristics like morphology, junction integrity, and hormone responsiveness were observed.

Research Methods

  • The researchers developed two methods to create layers of EOECs. The first one directly seeded the cells onto a microporous membrane and let them differentiate there (direct seeding protocol). The second method first grew the cells into a confluent monolayer in a conventional well, and then trypsinized and seeded them onto the microporous membrane, which initiated re-differentiation (re-differentiation protocol).
  • EOECs were obtained from the ampulla, a part of the equine oviduct, from horses post-mortem. The cell differentiation was maintained or induced by introducing an air-liquid interface.
  • Both protocols achieved confluent monolayer formation, which was checked by resistance measurements, tracer flux, and the presence of tight junctions. The cells were also tested using the cytokeratin 19 biomarker to verify their type.

Results and Observations

  • While both protocols resulted in columnar, cytokeratin 19-positive EOECs in Transwell inserts, the re-differentiation protocol was the only one that was successfully transferred to the microfluidic chips.
  • EOECs developed from the direct protocol showed secondary cilia at the apical surface in 28% of the cells. However, the cells re-differentiated under the second protocol, either in Transwell inserts or microfluidic chips, rarely showed these secondary cilia – >90% of the monolayers showed <1% ciliated EOECs.
  • There were cases (5-10% frequency) when re-differentiated layers with 11-27% EOECs with secondary cilia in a diffuse pattern were observed.
  • A functional study on nuclear progesterone receptor expression found that it was suppressed by simulated luteal phase hormone concentrations. Sperm was more likely to bind to the cilia of re-differentiated EOEC monolayers exposed to estrogen-progesterone concentrations more typical of the follicular phase than the luteal phase.

Conclusions

  • Overall, the research succeeded in creating an equine oviduct model through the cultured EOEC monolayers. This model closely resembled the in vivo oviduct epithelium morphologically.
  • The study highlighted potential differences in cell behaviors depending on their method of cultivation, suggesting the importance of protocol selection in ensuring desired cell characteristics.
  • These two protocols could be useful for further studies in equine reproductive biology.

Cite This Article

APA
Leemans B, Bromfield EG, Stout TAE, Vos M, Van Der Ham H, Van Beek R, Van Soom A, Gadella BM, Henning H. (2021). Developing a reproducible protocol for culturing functional confluent monolayers of differentiated equine oviduct epithelial cells†. Biol Reprod, 106(4), 710-729. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioab243

Publication

Biology of reproduction
ISSN: 1529-7268
NlmUniqueID: 0207224
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 106
Issue: 4
Pages: 710-729

Researcher Affiliations

Leemans, Bart
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Bromfield, Elizabeth G
  • Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  • Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
Stout, Tom A E
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Vos, Mabel
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Van Der Ham, Hanna
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Van Beek, Ramada
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Van Soom, Ann
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Gadella, Bart M
  • Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
  • Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  • Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Henning, Heiko
  • Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Epithelial Cells
  • Epithelium / physiology
  • Fallopian Tubes
  • Female
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Oviducts

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