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Development of a technique for determination of pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity in horses.
Abstract: Calcification of the tunica media of the axial pulmonary arteries (PA) has been reported in a large proportion of racehorses. In humans, medial calcification is a significant cause of arterial stiffening and is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac, cerebral, and renal microvascular diseases. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) provides a measure of arterial stiffness. This study aimed to develop a technique to determine PA-PWV in horses and, secondarily, to investigate a potential association between PA-PWV and arterial fibro-calcification. A dual-pressure sensor catheter (PSC) was placed in the main PA of 10 sedated horses. The pressure waves were used to determine PWV along the PA, using the statistical phase offset method. Histological analysis of the PA was performed to investigate the presence of fibro-calcified lesions. The mean (±SD) PWV was 2.3 ± 0.7 m/s in the proximal PA trunk and 1.1 ± 0.1 m/s further distal (15 cm) in a main PA branch. The mean (±SD) of mean arterial pressures in the proximal PA trunk was 30.1 ± 5.2 mmHg, and 22.0 ± 6.0 mmHg further distal (15 cm) within the main PA branch. The mean (±SD) pulse pressure in the proximal PA trunk was 15.0 ± 4.7 mmHg, and 13.5 ± 3.3 mmHg further distal (15 cm) within the main PA branch. Moderate to severe lesions of the tunica media of the PAs were observed in seven horses, but a correlation with PWV could not be established yet. Pulmonary artery PWV may be determined in standing horses. The technique described may allow further investigation of the effect of calcification of large PAs in the pathogenesis of equine pulmonary circulatory disorders. Pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity was determined safely in standing sedated horses. The technique described may allow further investigation of the effect of calcification of large pulmonary arteries in the pathogenesis of pulmonary circulatory disorders in horses.
Copyright © 2017 the American Physiological Society.
Publication Date: 2017-02-09 PubMed ID: 28183822DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00962.2016Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research project developed a method for measuring the stiffness of blood vessels in horses, specifically the pulmonary arteries. The study also looked for a link between blood vessel stiffness and fibro-calcification, a cause of blood vessel stiffening in humans.
Method Development
A new technique for gauging arterial stiffness was developed in this study. Leveraging the measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV), scientists targeted pulmonary arteries (PA) of horses. The PWV measures how quickly pressure waves generated by the heart’s pumping action move through the bloodstream, acting as a gauge of arterial stiffness.
- A dual-pressure sensor catheter (PSC) was inserted into the principal PA of 10 tranquilized horses.
- The PWV was then calculated along the PA using a statistical phase offset approach.
Fibro-Calcification In Arteries
The researchers further aimed to investigate the potential association between arterial stiffness and arterial fibro-calcification. The researchers performed a histological analysis of the horses’ PAs to look for fibro-calcified lesions.
- The average PWV in the proximal PA trunk was much higher than further down in the main PA branch. Similarly, the mean arterial pressures were also different.
- From the horses studied, moderate to severe lesions of the tunica media of the PAs were found in seven subjects. However, the team was not able to establish any direct correlation with PWV.
Future Implications
The described technique will facilitate further studies investigating the impact of arterial calcification on the development of equine pulmonary circulatory disorders. This technique was confirmed to be safe and could be used on horses that are standing and sedated. Exploring such associations can provide insights into effective treatments and prevention approaches for equine health.
With this new approach, the researchers demonstrated that PA PWV can be established in horses, lending a tool for potential future research. With large pulmonary arteries’ calcification’s potential effect on the pathogenesis of pulmonary circulatory disorders in horses, more in-depth investigation is possible with this newly developed procedure.
Cite This Article
APA
Silva GTA, Guest BB, Gomez DE, McGregor M, Viel L, O'Sullivan ML, Runciman J, Arroyo LG.
(2017).
Development of a technique for determination of pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity in horses.
J Appl Physiol (1985), 122(5), 1088-1094.
https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00962.2016 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and larroyo@uoguelph.ca.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blood Flow Velocity / physiology
- Blood Pressure / physiology
- Calcinosis / physiopathology
- Cardiovascular Diseases / physiopathology
- Horses / physiology
- Pulmonary Artery / physiopathology
- Pulse Wave Analysis / methods
- Vascular Stiffness / physiology
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Guest B, Arroyo L, Runciman J. A structural approach to 3D-printing arterial phantoms with physiologically comparable mechanical characteristics: Preliminary observations. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022 Sep;236(9):1388-1402.
- Manning EP, Ramachandra AB, Schupp JC, Cavinato C, Raredon MSB, Bärnthaler T, Cosme C Jr, Singh I, Tellides G, Kaminski N, Humphrey JD. Mechanisms of Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Stiffening in Mice Revealed by a Functional Genetics Assay of Structural, Functional, and Transcriptomic Data. Front Physiol 2021;12:726253.
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