Development of neutralizing antibody in horses infected with Ehrlichia risticii.
Abstract: The role of the humoral immune response in ehrlichial infection is unknown. Development of neutralizing antibodies during a course of Ehrlichia risticii infection in a pony was examined in vitro by determining the inhibition of E. risticii infection of P388D1 cells in the presence of the sera. The pony experimentally infected with E. risticii developed significant neutralizing activity in the sera by 15 days postinfection when parasitemia started to decline. Neutralizing activity continued to rise after recovery from the disease up to 34 days postinfection at which time the experiment was terminated. In vitro neutralizing activities in the sera from 3 additional ponies infected with E. risticii were lower at 2 weeks than at 4 weeks postinfection. The sera from vaccinated/challenged ponies had comparable neutralizing activity to those of the recovered ponies at approximately 3 to 4 weeks postchallenge. Equine sera from infected or vaccinated/challenged ponies were also effective in protecting mice from E. risticii infection. These studies demonstrated the significant development of neutralizing activity in the sera of recovered or vaccinated/challenged ponies.
Publication Date: 1993-07-01 PubMed ID: 8236775DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(93)90135-tGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
Summary
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The research examines the development of neutralizing antibodies in horses in response to Ehrlichia risticii infection, revealing that these antibodies become prominent about 15 days post infection, increasing even after recovery. The presence of these antibodies also helps to protect mice from E. risticii infection.
Background and Purpose
- The research aims to understand the humoral immune response in ehrlichial infections, specifically focusing on investigating how neutralizing antibodies develop over the course of an Ehrlichia risticii (E. risticii) infection in ponies.
Research Methodology
- The researchers conducted their study by infecting a pony with E. risticii and tracked the development of neutralizing antibodies by examining the inhibition of E. risticii infection in P388D1 cells when they were in the presence of the infected pony’s sera.
Findings
- The study found that the pony developed significant neutralizing activity in its sera 15 days after infection, which was around the time when parasitemia (the presence of parasites in the blood) began to decrease.
- The neutralizing activity continued to increase up to 34 days after the infection, even after the pony had recovered from the disease.
- Further analysis of sera from three more ponies infected with E. risticii showed that the in vitro neutralizing activity was lower at two weeks than it was at four weeks after infection.
Effects on Vaccinated/Challenged Ponies
- The researchers also discovered that the sera from ponies that were either vaccinated and then exposed to the bacteria (challenged) or had recovered from an infection had similar levels of neutralizing activity about three to four weeks after challenge.
- The sera from these ponies could effectively safeguard mice from an E. risticii infection.
Conclusion
- This research demonstrates that there is a significant development of neutralizing activity in the sera of ponies that have either recovered from an E. risticii infection or have been vaccinated and then challenged.
Cite This Article
APA
Rikihisa Y, Wada R, Reed SM, Yamamoto S.
(1993).
Development of neutralizing antibody in horses infected with Ehrlichia risticii.
Vet Microbiol, 36(1-2), 139-147.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(93)90135-t Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial / biosynthesis
- Antigen-Antibody Reactions
- Bacteremia / microbiology
- Bacteremia / veterinary
- Bacterial Vaccines / immunology
- Ehrlichia / immunology
- Ehrlichiosis / veterinary
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Macrophages / immunology
- Macrophages / microbiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Neutralization Tests / veterinary
- Time Factors
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Kanter M, Mott J, Ohashi N, Fried B, Reed S, Lin YC, Rikihisa Y. Analysis of 16S rRNA and 51-kilodalton antigen gene and transmission in mice of Ehrlichia risticii in virgulate trematodes from Elimia livescens snails in Ohio. J Clin Microbiol 2000 Sep;38(9):3349-58.
- Dutta SK, Vemulapalli R, Biswas B. Association of deficiency in antibody response to vaccine and heterogeneity of Ehrlichia risticii strains with Potomac horse fever vaccine failure in horses. J Clin Microbiol 1998 Feb;36(2):506-12.
- Mott J, Rikihisa Y, Zhang Y, Reed SM, Yu CY. Comparison of PCR and culture to the indirect fluorescent-antibody test for diagnosis of Potomac horse fever. J Clin Microbiol 1997 Sep;35(9):2215-9.
- Lee EH, Rikihisa Y. Anti-Ehrlichia chaffeensis antibody complexed with E. chaffeensis induces potent proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in human monocytes through sustained reduction of IkappaB-alpha and activation of NF-kappaB. Infect Immun 1997 Jul;65(7):2890-7.
- Vemulapalli R, Biswas B, Dutta SK. Pathogenic, immunologic, and molecular differences between two Ehrlichia risticii strains. J Clin Microbiol 1995 Nov;33(11):2987-93.
- Messick JB, Rikihisa Y. Inhibition of binding, entry, or intracellular proliferation of Ehrlichia risticii in P388D1 cells by anti-E. risticii serum, immunoglobulin G, or Fab fragment. Infect Immun 1994 Aug;62(8):3156-61.
- Chaichanasiriwithaya W, Rikihisa Y, Yamamoto S, Reed S, Crawford TB, Perryman LE, Palmer GH. Antigenic, morphologic, and molecular characterization of new Ehrlichia risticii isolates. J Clin Microbiol 1994 Dec;32(12):3026-33.
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