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Home / Equine Research Bank / Acta Vet Scand / Diagnosis of mixed infections with myxovirus influenzae A eq...
Acta veterinaria Scandinavica1973; 14(2); 205-218; doi: 10.1186/BF03547437

Diagnosis of mixed infections with myxovirus influenzae A equi 2 and herpes virus equi 1 among Danish stud horses.

Abstract: Examination of nasopharyngeal secretion and organ material from clinical cases of respiratory diseases in horses, using inoculation of embryonated hen eggs and rabbit and horse kidney cell cultures, resulted in the isolation of influenza virus and herpes virus. In 2 cases, both viruses were present in the same specimen. On the basis of the physio-chemical, cytological and serological criteria, the viruses were found to be identical with influenza virus type A equi 2 and herpes virus equi type 1. The methods for serological diagnosis and characterization of the influenza and herpes viruses are discussed. Detailed serological examinations of blood specimens from the clinical cases confirmed the aetiological significance of the isolates and the presence of mixed infections. Further characterization of a strain of influenza virus was carried out by inoculation experiments on horses. These included reproduction of clinical influenza, reisolation of the strain in casu and a study of the antibody formation. Fra nasopharyngeal sekret og organmateriale fra kliniske tilfælde af respirationsvejslidelser hos heste er der efter podning med materialet på embryonerede hønseæg og kanin- og hestenyrecellekulturer isoleret influenzavirus og herpesvirus. I to tilfælde påvistes begge virus i det samme prøvemateriale. Ud fra fysisk-kemiske, cytologiske og serologiske kriterier er de to virus fundet identiske med influenzavirus type A equi 2 og herpesvirus equi type 1. Metoder til serologisk diagnostik og karakteristik af influenzavirus og herpesvirus diskuteres. Med en influenzavirusstamme er der udført podningsforsøg på heste. Herunder fremkaldtes klinisk influenza, og virusstammen in casu isoleredes. Der udførtes endvidere studier over antistofdannelsen.
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Publication Date: 1973-01-01 PubMed ID: 4353840PubMed Central: PMC8559804DOI: 10.1186/BF03547437Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the diagnosis of mixed infections of influenza and herpes viruses in horses, specifically revealing instances where both viruses were present in the same samples.

Research Methodology and Findings

  • The researchers collected nasopharyngeal secretion and organ material from cases showing clinical signs of respiratory diseases in horses.
  • Eggs from chickens in the embryonic stage and cultures of kidney cells from rabbits and horses were inoculated with the samples. This process allowed the researchers to identify and isolate the viruses causing the respiratory diseases.
  • In two cases, both influenza and herpes viruses were located in the same specimen, suggesting a mixed infection. This means that the illnesses in these circumstances were caused by two different viruses concurrently.

Identification and Characterization of the Viruses

  • Using a series of physio-chemical, cytological and serological criteria, the viruses were identified as identical with influenza virus type A equi 2 and herpes virus equi type 1, types that specifically affect horses.
  • The methods used to diagnose and characterize the influenza and herpes viruses are also discussed in the study, indicating that the researchers were able to understand the specific strains causing the diseases.
  • Serological examinations, trials dealing with serum and immune responses, of blood specimens further corroborated the presence of these viral strains and supported the significance of their isolation.

Inoculation Experiments and Further Characterization

  • In order to further understand the strain of the influenza virus identified, the researchers introduced the virus to horses in a series of inoculation experiments.
  • These experiments recreated clinical symptoms of influenza and allowed for reisolation of the virus. This reisolation confirmed that the same strain was indeed causing the clinical symptoms in these horses.
  • Studies were also carried out to understand how antibodies were formed in response to this strain of the virus, providing valuable information for future research and treatment paths.

Cite This Article

APA
Jensen K. (1973). Diagnosis of mixed infections with myxovirus influenzae A equi 2 and herpes virus equi 1 among Danish stud horses. Acta Vet Scand, 14(2), 205-218. https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547437

Publication

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica
ISSN: 0044-605X
NlmUniqueID: 0370400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Pages: 205-218

Researcher Affiliations

Jensen, K

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Complement Fixation Tests
    • Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
    • Herpesviridae / isolation & purification
    • Herpesviridae Infections / complications
    • Herpesviridae Infections / diagnosis
    • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
    • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
    • Horses
    • Immune Sera
    • Liver / microbiology
    • Lung / microbiology
    • Orthomyxoviridae / isolation & purification
    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / complications
    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / diagnosis
    • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
    • Serologic Tests
    • Spleen / microbiology
    • Virus Cultivation

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