Differential expression of three members of the multidomain adhesion CCp family in Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis and Theileria equi.
Abstract: Members of the CCp protein family have been previously described to be expressed on gametocytes of apicomplexan Plasmodium parasites. Knocking out Plasmodium CCp genes blocks the development of the parasite in the mosquito vector, making the CCp proteins potential targets for the development of a transmission-blocking vaccine. Apicomplexans Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina are the causative agents of bovine babesiosis, and apicomplexan Theileria equi causes equine piroplasmosis. Bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis are the most economically important parasite diseases that affect worldwide cattle and equine industries, respectively. The recent sequencing of the B. bovis and T. equi genomes has provided the opportunity to identify novel genes involved in parasite biology. Here we characterize three members of the CCp family, named CCp1, CCp2 and CCp3, in B. bigemina, B. bovis and T. equi. Using B. bigemina as an in vitro model, expression of all three CCp genes and proteins was demonstrated in temperature-induced sexual stages. Transcripts for all three CCp genes were found in vivo in blood stages of T. equi, and transcripts for CCp3 were detected in vivo in blood stages of B. bovis. However, no protein expression was detected in T. equi blood stages or B. bovis blood stages or B. bovis tick stages. Collectively, the data demonstrated a differential pattern of expression of three orthologous genes of the multidomain adhesion CCp family by B. bigemina, B. bovis and T. equi. The novel CCp members represent potential targets for innovative approaches to control bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis.
Publication Date: 2013-07-03 PubMed ID: 23844089PubMed Central: PMC3701008DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067765Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
Summary
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This research explored the differential expression of three members of the CCp protein family in the parasites that cause bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis. The study suggests potential new targets for vaccine development against these economically significant livestock diseases.
Introduction to the Study
- The proteins from the CCp (Cytoadherence-linked asexual protein) family have been observed in Plasmodium parasites that undergo transformative stages inside the mosquito vector.
- Plasmodium parasites cause malaria in humans and animals. The CCp proteins’ role in parasite development makes them potential vaccine targets.
- This paper discusses the expression of three CCp proteins (CCp1, CCp2, and CCp3) in Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Theileria equi parasites that cause bovine babesiosis (cattle) and equine piroplasmosis (horses), respectively.
Detailed Research Proceedings
- This research follows the recent sequencing of the genomes of B. bovis and T. equi, which facilitated the study by predicting the genes associated with the parasites’ biology.
- Using B. bigemina, an in vitro model was created to test the CCp genes and proteins’ expression in these heat-triggered sexual stages.
- In vivo expression of the three CCp genes was seen in T. equi blood stages. For B. bovis, only the transcripts for CCp3 were detected in the blood stages.
Research Findings
- No protein expression was detected in the blood stages of T. equi or B. bovis, or in the tick stages of B. bovis.
- The study demonstrated a differential pattern of expression of the three orthologous genes in the CCp family within the three parasites (B. bigemina, B. bovis, and T. equi).
Research Implications
- The findings of this study potentially provide novel targets for controlling bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis through vaccine interventions.
- It might be possible to hinder the development of these parasites through a transmission-blocking approach centering on these newly characterized CCp proteins.
Cite This Article
APA
Bastos RG, Suarez CE, Laughery JM, Johnson WC, Ueti MW, Knowles DP.
(2013).
Differential expression of three members of the multidomain adhesion CCp family in Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis and Theileria equi.
PLoS One, 8(7), e67765.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0067765 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America. rgbastos@vetmed.wsu.edu
MeSH Terms
- Babesia / genetics
- Babesia / metabolism
- Babesia bovis / genetics
- Babesia bovis / metabolism
- DNA, Complementary
- Gene Expression
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Multigene Family
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Protozoan Proteins / chemistry
- Protozoan Proteins / genetics
- Theileria / genetics
- Theileria / metabolism
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
References
This article includes 39 references
Citations
This article has been cited 26 times.- Santos JHM, Siddle HV, Raza A, Stanisic DI, Good MF, Tabor AE. Exploring the landscape of Babesia bovis vaccines: progress, challenges, and opportunities.. Parasit Vectors 2023 Aug 10;16(1):274.
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- Capelli-Peixoto J, Saelao P, Johnson WC, Kappmeyer L, Reif KE, Masterson HE, Taus NS, Suarez CE, Brayton KA, Ueti MW. Comparison of high throughput RNA sequences between Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis revealed consistent differential gene expression that is required for the Babesia life cycle in the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts.. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022;12:1093338.
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- Hussein HE, Scoles GA, Ueti MW, Suarez CE, Adham FK, Guerrero FD, Bastos RG. Targeted silencing of the Aquaporin 2 gene of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus reduces tick fitness.. Parasit Vectors 2015 Dec 2;8:618.
- Simon N, Kuehn A, Williamson KC, Pradel G. Adhesion protein complexes of malaria gametocytes assemble following parasite transmission to the mosquito.. Parasitol Int 2016 Feb;65(1):27-30.
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