Distribution and species-specific occurrence of cyathostomins (Nematoda, Strongylida) in naturally infected horses from Italy, United Kingdom and Germany.
Abstract: A broad scale study was carried out in 2008 to evaluate the distribution and species-specific occurrence of cyathostomin populations in horse yards from Europe. In total 102 properties and 3123 horses were included in Italy (60 yards and 1646 animals), United Kingdom (22 yards and 737 animals) and Germany (20 yards and 740 animals). Individual faecal samples were examined with a McMaster technique while pooled samples were subjected to the microscopic examination of in vitro cultured larvae and to a Reverse Line Blot (RLB) assay able to molecularly identify the most diffused 13 species of cyathostomins. All yards were positive for the presence of cyathostomins both at the McMaster technique and at the microscopic examination of cultured larvae. One thousand and nine hundred thirty-one horses (61.8%) showed a positive faecal egg count, i.e. 1110 (67.4%), 463 (62.8%) and 358 (48.3%) from Italy, UK and Germany respectively. Out of the 1931 positive animals 1133 (36.3%) showed a faecal egg count per gram >150, specifically 694 (42.2%) from Italy, 237 (32.2%) from UK and 202 (27.3%) from Germany. The molecular results showed that all 13 species that can be detected by the RLB were found in each of the three countries, with a range of 3-13 species present in individual yards. The five most prevalent were Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cylicocyclus goldi and Cyathostomum pateratum. The relevance of these results and related biological and epidemiological features are discussed, together with their significance for both future studies of cyathostomins and further intervention programs aiming to control the spread of anthelmintic-resistant populations.
Publication Date: 2009-11-10 PubMed ID: 19906489DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.10.006Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article focuses on studying the distribution and species-specific presence of cyathostomins in horses from Italy, United Kingdom and Germany. The conclusion of the study indicated the presence of all 13 species that can be detected, with a range of 3-13 species present in individual yards.
Methodology of the Study
- To get a broad view of the situation, the study was conducted across 102 horse yards from Europe, with a total of 3123 horses which were located in Italy, United Kingdom, and Germany.
- The examination of horses included individual faecal samples examined by the McMaster technique, and microscopic examination of in vitro cultured larvae.
- Pooled samples were subjected to the Reverse Line Blot (RLB) assay that is capable of molecular identification of the 13 most diffused cyathostomin species.
Key Findings
- All yards were found to be positive for the presence of cyathostomins based on both the McMaster technique and microscopic examination of cultured larvae.
- In total, 61.8% of horses had a positive faecal egg count.
- Out of the positive cases, 36.3% displayed a faecal egg count per gram more than 150.
- The molecular results indicated that of the 13 species that the RLB can detect, all were found in each of the three countries, though the number per yard varied between 3 and 13 species.
- The five most prevalent species were Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cylicocyclus goldi, and Cyathostomum pateratum.
Significance and Future Directions
- This study’s findings are significant in understanding the epidemiology of cyathostomins, providing crucial information for control strategies against anthelmintic-resistant populations.
- The identified wide variety of cyathostomin species also indicates potential complexity in infection patterns, which could influence future research approaches and intervention procedures.
- The prevalence rate in each country and within individual yards may guide sector-specific control and prevention measures.
- The research proposes future studies on cyathostomins and further intervention programs aiming to control the spread of anthelmintic-resistant populations.
Cite This Article
APA
Traversa D, Milillo P, Barnes H, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Schurmann S, Demeler J, Otranto D, Lia RP, Perrucci S, Frangipane di Regalbono A, Beraldo P, Amodie D, Rohn K, Cobb R, Boeckh A.
(2009).
Distribution and species-specific occurrence of cyathostomins (Nematoda, Strongylida) in naturally infected horses from Italy, United Kingdom and Germany.
Vet Parasitol, 168(1-2), 84-92.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.10.006 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Italy. dtraversa@unite.it
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Europe / epidemiology
- Feces / parasitology
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / parasitology
- Horses
- Host-Parasite Interactions / physiology
- Larva
- Parasite Egg Count
- Prevalence
- Species Specificity
- Strongylida
- Strongylida Infections / epidemiology
- Strongylida Infections / parasitology
- Strongylida Infections / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 14 times.- Fesseha H, Aliye S, Mathewos M, Nigusie K. Prevalence and risk factors associated with donkey gastrointestinal parasites in Shashemane and Suburbs, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.. Heliyon 2022 Dec;8(12):e12244.
- Mathewos M, Teshome D, Fesseha H. Study on Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Equines in and around Bekoji, South Eastern Ethiopia.. J Parasitol Res 2022;2022:8210160.
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- Maestrini M, Molento MB, Mancini S, Martini M, Angeletti FGS, Perrucci S. Intestinal Strongyle Genera in Different Typology of Donkey Farms in Tuscany, Central Italy.. Vet Sci 2020 Dec 2;7(4).
- Gehlen H, Wulke N, Ertelt A, Nielsen MK, Morelli S, Traversa D, Merle R, Wilson D, Samson-Himmelstjerna GV. Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Helminth Infections in Colic and Non-Colic Control Equine Patients.. Animals (Basel) 2020 Oct 19;10(10).
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- Peachey LE, Pinchbeck GL, Matthews JB, Burden FA, Lespine A, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Krücken J, Hodgkinson JE. P-glycoproteins play a role in ivermectin resistance in cyathostomins.. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2017 Dec;7(3):388-398.
- Raue K, Heuer L, Böhm C, Wolken S, Epe C, Strube C. 10-year parasitological examination results (2003 to 2012) of faecal samples from horses, ruminants, pigs, dogs, cats, rabbits and hedgehogs.. Parasitol Res 2017 Dec;116(12):3315-3330.
- Gao Y, Zhang Y, Yang X, Qiu JH, Duan H, Xu WW, Chang QC, Wang CR. Mitochondrial DNA Evidence Supports the Hypothesis that Triodontophorus Species Belong to Cyathostominae.. Front Microbiol 2017;8:1444.
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