Do the matrix degrading enzymes cathepsins B and D increase following a high intensity exercise regime?
Abstract: It has been shown by others that levels of matrix degrading enzymes are increased in osteoarthritis (OA) and so are proposed to be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of the disease, including exercise-associated OA. Therefore we hypothesised that cathepsin B and cathepsin D were increased in cartilage samples previously shown to have early stage OA from 2-year-old Thoroughbred horses, euthanased for reasons other than this study, that had a history of 19-week high intensity exercise (n=6) compared to age and sex-matched horses with a history of low intensity exercise (n=6). Methods: Cartilage samples were used from four specific sites within the carpal joints. Standard immunolocalisation protocols and blind counting of positive and negative cells within the articular surface, mid-zone and deep zone (DZ) were used to test our hypothesis. Results: A high intensity exercise regime did not significantly alter the number of chondrocytes positive for cathepsin B, whereas a significant decrease was found for cathepsin D in the DZ, indicating that these enzymes are regulated differently by mechanical loading. Furthermore, cathepsin D varied according to the topographical location within the joint, reflecting biomechanical differences experienced during a high compared to a low intensity exercise regime. Conclusions: This study disproves our hypothesis that cathepsins B and D are increased following a high intensity exercise regime unlike that reported for other matrix enzymes.
Publication Date: 2006-10-19 PubMed ID: 17055751DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.08.014Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article discusses whether high intensity exercise increases the levels of matrix degrading enzymes, specifically cathepsins B and D, in horses. The study refutes the initial belief, showing that high intensity exercise does not significantly change the level of those enzymes.
Objectives and Hypothesis
- The study’s objective was to determine if there’s an increase in the levels of matrix degrading enzymes (cathepsins B and D) in the cartilage of Thoroughbred horses following a regime of high intensity exercise.
- The initial hypothesis suggested an increase in these enzymes due to high intensity exercise, similar to what has been observed in osteoarthritis. This theory was based on previous research demonstrating elevated levels of these enzymes in cases of osteoarthritis, a disease commonly associated with high intensity exercise.
Methods
- The study used cartilage samples from Thoroughbred horses that had either a history of high intensity exercise or low intensity exercise for a span of 19 weeks. Horses involved in the study were euthanized for reasons unrelated to this research.
- Standard immunolocalization protocols were employed to determine the presence of the enzymes and blind counting was conducted within the articular surface, mid-zone, and deep zone (DZ) of the cartilage.
Results
- The results contradicted the initial hypothesis. The number of chondrocytes positive for cathepsin B did not significantly change with high intensity exercise.
- A notable decrease was observed in the levels of cathepsin D within the DZ. This suggested that these enzymes are regulated differently by mechanical loading caused by exercise intensity.
- The study also found that levels of cathepsin D varied within different locations in the joint, reflecting the variations in biomechanical stress experienced during high and low intensity exercise regimen.
Conclusions
- Contrary to the initial hypothesis, the research found that cathepsins B and D do not increase significantly due to high intensity exercise, unlike other matrix degrading enzymes.
Cite This Article
APA
Bowe EA, Murray RC, Jeffcott LB, Davies ME.
(2006).
Do the matrix degrading enzymes cathepsins B and D increase following a high intensity exercise regime?
Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 15(3), 343-349.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2006.08.014 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cartilage, Articular / enzymology
- Cathepsin B / analysis
- Cathepsin D / analysis
- Chondrocytes / enzymology
- Horses
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Osteoarthritis / enzymology
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Thankam FG, Chandra I, Diaz C, Dilisio MF, Fleegel J, Gross RM, Agrawal DK. Matrix regeneration proteins in the hypoxia-triggered exosomes of shoulder tenocytes and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020 Feb;465(1-2):75-87.
- Silawal S, Triebel J, Bertsch T, Schulze-Tanzil G. Osteoarthritis and the Complement Cascade. Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord 2018;11:1179544117751430.
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