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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Doppler renal resistivity index in horses: A systematic revi...
Equine veterinary journal2024; doi: 10.1111/evj.14125

Doppler renal resistivity index in horses: A systematic review.

Abstract: The resistivity index (RI) evaluates haemodynamic based on arterial resistance. Alterations in renal blood flow are important for the early detection of kidney damage, as perfusion might be one of the first affected aspects. Objective: To retrieve published studies on equine renal RI to develop a standardised method of renal ultrasonographic examination and to evaluate the current reference range for the renal RI in horses. Methods: Systematic review. Methods: An electronic search in Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed in February 2023 using the terms 'RI' OR 'resistivity index' OR 'IP' OR 'pulsatility index' AND (kidney OR renal) AND (equine OR horse) in titles, keywords and abstracts. The studies were screened for inclusion based on pre-determined criteria and data on the variables of interest were collected from included studies. The SYRCLE risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality. Results: The electronic searches identified 134 studies, of which 5 were eligible for inclusion in this review. The studies had been conducted in healthy non-sedated horses through the transabdominal technique. The upper limit of normality for the renal RI was 0.58 ± 0.06 for the right kidney of untrained horses, which is considerably lower than the value of 0.70 currently used for humans, cats and dogs. There were heterogenous outcomes among the studies: two of the five demonstrated a difference between the right and left renal RI values, and one of the five showed an increased renal RI in elderly horses compared with foals and adult horses. Conclusions: Data regarding the RI in horses are still scarce. Conclusions: Additional studies that establish a reference range for the renal RI in horses are needed and there is a need to ensure consistency of techniques.
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Publication Date: 2024-06-25 PubMed ID: 38924139DOI: 10.1111/evj.14125Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research systematically reviews the existing literature on conducting renal Resistivity Index (RI) examinations on horses with the aim of standardizing the process and determining the correct reference range. The RI measures blood flow dynamics in the kidney and can aid in early detection of kidney damage.

Overview of the Study

  • This research aimed to review and analyze published studies on the Renal Resistivity Index (RI) on horses. RI is an ultrasound-based measure of blood flow dynamics within the kidneys. Alterations in the renal blood flow, as indicated by changes in the RI, can play a crucial role in early detection of kidney damage. The main objectives of this research were to develop a standardized method for renal ultrasonographic examinations and to determine the correct reference range for renal RI in horses.

Methodology

  • A systematic review was conducted by searching four online databases: Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search was conducted in February 2023, using a specified combination of terms that included “RI”, “resistivity index”, “IP”, “pulsatility index”, “kidney”, “renal”, “equine”, and “horse”.
  • The studies were selected for inclusion based on a predetermined criteria and data was extracted from these studies. The quality of the methodologies used in these studies was then assessed using the SYRCLE risk of bias tool.

Results of the Review

  • The search identified 134 studies, of which only five met the criteria for inclusion in the review. These studies had all been conducted on healthy, non-sedated horses using a transabdominal technique.
  • The upper limit of the normal renal RI was found to be 0.58 ± 0.06 for the right kidney of untrained horses. This is significantly lower than the value of 0.70 currently used for humans, cats, and dogs.
  • However, there were inconsistencies across the reviewed studies. For instance, two out of the five studies noted a difference between the RI values of the right and left kidneys, and one study found an increase in renal RI in older horses compared to foals and adult horses.

Conclusions from the Review

  • The researchers concluded that data on using RI in horses is limited and that there is a need for additional studies to establish a standardized technique and a reference range for renal RI in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Dos Santos Rosse N, Reis ECC. (2024). Doppler renal resistivity index in horses: A systematic review. Equine Vet J. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14125

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Dos Santos Rosse, Nathalia
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
Reis, Emily Correna Carlo
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.

Grant Funding

  • CAPES - Financial Code 0001
  • FAPEMIG
  • CNPq

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