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Reproduction (Cambridge, England)2018; 156(4); 313–330; doi: 10.1530/REP-18-0270

Dynamic changes in gene expression and signalling during trophoblast development in the horse.

Abstract: Equine chorionic girdle trophoblast cells play important endocrine and immune functions critical in supporting pregnancy. Very little is known about the genes and pathways that regulate chorionic girdle trophoblast development. Our aim was to identify genes and signalling pathways active in vivo in equine chorionic girdle trophoblast within a critical 7-days window. We exploited the late implantation of the equine conceptus to obtain trophoblast tissue. An Agilent equine 44K microarray was performed using RNA extracted from chorionic girdle and chorion (control) from equine pregnancy days 27, 30, 31 and 34 (n = 5), corresponding to the initiation of chorionic girdle trophoblast proliferation, differentiation and migration. Data were analysed using R packages limma and maSigPro, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and DAVID and verified using qRT-PCR, promoter analysis, western blotting and migration assays. Microarray analysis showed gene expression (absolute log FC >2, FDR-adjusted P < 0.05) was rapidly and specifically induced in the chorionic girdle between days 27 and 34 (compared to day 27, day 30 = 116, day 31 = 317, day 34 = 781 genes). Pathway analysis identified 35 pathways modulated during chorionic girdle development (e.g. FGF, integrin, Rho GTPases, MAPK) including pathways that have limited description in mammalian trophoblast (e.g. IL-9, CD40 and CD28 signalling). Rho A and ERK/MAPK activity was confirmed as was a role for transcription factor ELF5 in regulation of the CGB promoter. The purity and accessibility of chorionic girdle trophoblast proved to be a powerful resource to identify candidate genes and pathways involved in early equine placental development.
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Publication Date: 2018-10-01 PubMed ID: 30306765PubMed Central: PMC6170800DOI: 10.1530/REP-18-0270Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Validation Study

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study aims to identify genes and signaling pathways involved in the development of equine chorionic girdle trophoblast cells during a critical seven-day period of pregnancy. These trophoblast cells play key endocrine and immune roles in pregnancy support.

Research Method

  • The study took advantage of the late implantation phase of equine pregnancy to collect tissue samples from the chorionic girdle trophoblast.
  • An Agilent equine 44K microarray profiling was performed on RNA extracted from the chorionic girdle and chorion tissue on days 27, 30, 31, and 34 of equine pregnancy. These days correspond to important stages of trophoblast development such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
  • The generated microarray data were analyzed using several computational methods, including R packages limma and maSigPro, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, and DAVID.
  • The identified genes were experimentally validated via qRT-PCR, promoter analysis, western blotting, and migration assays.

Research Findings

  • The study found significant changes in gene expression in the chorionic girdle between days 27 and 34 of equine pregnancy. The data reveal that the number of genes exhibiting altered expression (both upregulated and downregulated) increased progressively across the sampled days.
  • The pathway analysis revealed 35 distinct signaling pathways that were modulated during the development of the chorionic girdle. These include FGF, integrin, Rho GTPases, and MAPK pathways, well-established in mammalian cell biology.
  • Interestingly, the analysis also identified several pathways, including IL-9, CD40, and CD28 signaling, with limited prior association to mammalian trophoblasts.
  • The study further confirmed the involvement of Rho A and ERK/MAPK signaling activities in the process, highlighting a regulatory role for transcription factor ELF5 in the activation of the CGB promoter.

Significance of the Study

  • This research provides fresh insights into the genetic and molecular regulators of early equine placental development. The identified genes and pathways could serve as important markers or therapeutic targets in the management of equine reproductive health.
  • The study also signifies how strategic tissue sample collection and the application of advanced bioinformatics and molecular tools can unravel complex biological processes.

Cite This Article

APA
Read JE, Cabrera-Sharp V, Offord V, Mirczuk SM, Allen SP, Fowkes RC, de Mestre AM. (2018). Dynamic changes in gene expression and signalling during trophoblast development in the horse. Reproduction, 156(4), 313–330. https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-18-0270

Publication

Reproduction (Cambridge, England)
ISSN: 1741-7899
NlmUniqueID: 100966036
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 156
Issue: 4
Pages: 313–330

Researcher Affiliations

Read, Jordan E
  • Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
Cabrera-Sharp, Victoria
  • Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
Offord, Victoria
  • Research Support Office, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
Mirczuk, Samantha M
  • Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
Allen, Steve P
  • Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
Fowkes, Robert C
  • Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
de Mestre, Amanda M
  • Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • Gene Expression
  • Horses / embryology
  • Horses / metabolism
  • Male
  • Placentation
  • Pregnancy
  • Signal Transduction
  • Transcriptome
  • Trophoblasts / metabolism

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