Topic:Western Blot

Equine mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle productivity but not overall yield is improved via 3-D culture with chemically defined media.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association    April 1, 2024   1-12 doi: 10.2460/javma.24.01.0001
Gaesser AM, Usimaki AIJ, Barot DA, Linardi RL, Molugu S, Musante L, Ortved KF.Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a biotherapeutic for osteoarthritis; however, manufacturing large quantities is not practical using traditional monolayer (2-D) culture. We aimed to examine the effects of 3-D and 2-D culture 2 types of media: Dulbecco modified Eagle medium and a commercially available medium (CM) on EV yield. Methods: Banked bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) from 6 healthy, young horses were used. Methods: 4 microcarriers (collagen-coated polystyrene, uncoated polystyrene, collagen-coated dextran, and uncoated dextran) were tested in st...
Testicular expression of heat SHOCK proteins 60, 70, and 90 in cryptorchid horses.
Theriogenology    January 17, 2024   Volume 217 83-91 doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.019
Cinone M, Albrizio M, Guaricci AC, Lacitignola L, Desantis S.Heat shock proteins are the most evolutionarily conserved protein families induced by stressors including hyperthermia. In the context of pathologies of the male reproductive tract, cryptorchidism is the most common genital defect that compromises the reproductive potential of the male because it induces an increase in intratesticular temperature. In equine species, cryptorchidism affects almost 9 % of newborns and few studies have been carried out on the molecular aspects of the retained testis. In this study, the expression pattern of HSP60, 70, and 90 in abdominal and inguinal testes, in t...
Sex hormone-binding globulin improves lipid metabolism and reduces inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue of metabolic syndrome-affected horses.
Frontiers in molecular biosciences    December 11, 2023   Volume 10 1214961 doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1214961
Bourebaba L, Ku0119pska M, Qasem B, Zyzak M, u0141yczko J, Klemens M, Mularczyk M, Marycz K.Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a steadily growing endocrine disorder representing a real challenge in veterinary practice. As a multifactorial condition, EMS is characterized by three main metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance, increased adiposity or obesity and hoof laminitis. Adipose tissue dysfunction is recognized as a core pathophysiological determinant of EMS, as it strongly participates to lipotoxicity and systemic metaflammation, both of which have been closely linked to the development of generalized insulin resistance. Besides, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) i...
Dynamics of training and acute exercise-induced shifts in muscular glucose transporter (GLUT) 4, 8, and 12 expression in locomotion versus posture muscles in healthy horses.
Frontiers in physiology    August 16, 2023   Volume 14 1256217 doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1256217
Vidal Moreno de Vega C, Lemmens D, de Meeu00fbs d'Argenteuil C, Boshuizen B, de Maru00e9 L, Leybaert L, Goethals K, de Oliveira JE, Hosotani G....Important changes in glucose transporter (GLUT) expression should be expected if the glucose influx plays a pivotal role in fuelling or connecting metabolic pathways that are upregulated in response to exercise. The aim was to assess GLUT4, 8, and 12 dynamics in response to training and acute exercise. Sixteen untrained Standardbred mares (3-4 year) performed an incremental SET at the start and end of 8 weeks harness training. M. pectoralis (PM) and M. vastus lateralis (VL) muscle biopsies were taken before and after each SET, allowing for comparing rest and acute samples in untrained (UT) ...
Identification of allergens in Artocarpus heterophyllus, Moringa oleifera, Trianthema portulacastrum and Syzygium samarangense.
Clinical and molecular allergy : CMA    August 11, 2023   Volume 21, Issue 1 6 doi: 10.1186/s12948-023-00187-2
Iddagoda J, Gunasekara P, Handunnetti S, Jeewandara C, Karunatilake C, Malavige GN, de Silva R, Dasanayake D.It is clinically important to identify allergens in Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit), Moringa oleifera (moringa), Trianthema portulacastrum (horse purslane) and Syzygium samarangense (rose apple). This study included 7 patients who developed anaphylaxis to jackfruit (1), moringa (2), horse purslane (3) and rose apple (1). We sought to determine allergens in the edible ripening stages of jackfruit (tender, mature, and ripened jackfruit) and seeds, edible parts of moringa (seeds, seedpod, flesh inside seedpod, and leaves), horse purslane leaves and ripened rose apple fruit. The persistence o...
Effect of testicular degeneration on expression of sperm protein at 22 kDa in stallions.
Andrology    May 23, 2023   doi: 10.1111/andr.13464
Miller LMJ, Woodward EM, Campos JR, Squires EL, Troedsson MHT.Sperm protein at 22 kDa has been associated with fertility. Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the localization pattern of SP22 on ejaculated and caudal epididymal equine spermatozoa and in epididymal fluid, and to (2) characterize SP22 protein and mRNA expression in testicular and epididymal tissues in response to heat-induced testicular degeneration. Methods: Semen was collected before and after hemi-castration, as well as prior to and following insulation of the remaining testes, and tissue specimens were collected for analysis. Results: Histopathology confirmed ...
Characterization of serum and tissue oxytocinase and tissue oxytocin in the pregnant and non-pregnant mare.
Scientific reports    March 21, 2023   Volume 13, Issue 1 4616 doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31540-9
Diel de Amorim M, Dong L, Byron M, Foster RA, Klein C, Saleh M, Saleh T, Card C.Oxytocin is a hormone with functions in: reproduction, maternal bonding, milk ejection, and feeding/social behavior, and is reported to be present in a variety of tissues. Our goal is to characterize oxytocin and leucyl and cystinyl aminopeptidase (LNPEP/oxytocinase), a key regulator of oxytocin in mares. We measured serum and tissue LNPEP by ELISA from ovulation (D0) until D21-22 in non-pregnant (n = 5) and pregnant mares (n = 6); and in periparturient and postpartum mares (n = 18). Placenta (n = 7) and homogenized tissue of diestrus mares (n = 6) were evaluated using prot...
The Autophagy Marker LC3 Is Processed during the Sperm Capacitation and the Acrosome Reaction and Translocates to the Acrosome Where It Colocalizes with the Acrosomal Membranes in Horse Spermatozoa.
International journal of molecular sciences    January 4, 2023   Volume 24, Issue 2 937 doi: 10.3390/ijms24020937
Aparicio IM, Rojo-Domu00ednguez P, Castillejo-Rufo A, Peu00f1a FJ, Tapia JA.Despite its importance in somatic cells and during spermatogenesis, little is known about the role that autophagy may play in ejaculated spermatozoa. Our aim was to investigate whether the molecular components of autophagy, such as microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), are activated in stallion spermatozoa during the capacitation and acrosome reaction and if this activation could modulate these biological processes. To analyze the autophagy turnover, LC3I and LC3II proteins were assessed by western blotting, and the ratio between both proteins (LC3II/LC3I) was calculated. In so...
Diagnostic Performance of Competitive ELISA and Western Blot Methods for the Detection of Antibodies against Theileria equi and Babesia caballi.
Microorganisms    December 21, 2022   Volume 11, Issue 1 21 doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11010021
Yang G, Zhou B, Chen K, Hu Z, Guo W, Wang X, Du C. () and () are the causative pathogens of Equine piroplasmosis (EP), a disease that has brought huge economic losses and great restrictions to the global equine industry. Rapid and accurate diagnostic methods are critical for the effective monitoring of the disease. In this study, we developed novel competitive ELISA methods and western blot assays based on the EMA1 or Bc48 proteins to detect antibodies against or , respectively. In the novel cELISA, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled monoclonal antibodies are used in place of enzyme-conjugated secondary antibodies, in order to speed up th...
Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2/-7/-9/-14 and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs)-1/-2 in bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas associated with BPV-2 infection.
Frontiers in veterinary science    November 28, 2022   Volume 9 1063580 doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1063580
Bovine papillomaviruses -1/-2 (BPVs) are small non-enveloped double-stranded DNA viruses able to infect the skin of bovids and equids, causing development of neoplastic lesions such as bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas and equine sarcoid. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that degrade basal membrane and extracellular matrix, whose function is essential in physiological processes such as tissue remodeling and wound healing. MMPs activity is finely regulated by a balancing with expression of tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs), a process that is impaired ...
Characterization of the Proteins Secreted by Equine Muscle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exposed to Cartilage Explants in Osteoarthritis Model.
Stem cell reviews and reports    October 22, 2022   Volume 19, Issue 2 550-567 doi: 10.1007/s12015-022-10463-4
Dechu00eane L, Colin M, Demazy C, Fransolet M, Niesten A, Arnould T, Serteyn D, Dieu M, Renard P.Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent joint degenerative disease for which therapeutic treatments are limited or invasive. Cell therapy based on mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is therefore seen as a promising approach for this disease, in both human and horses. As the regenerative potential of MSCs is mainly conferred by paracrine function, the goal of this study was to characterize the secreted proteins of muscle-derived MSCs (mdMSCs) in an in vitro model of OA to evaluate the putative clinical interest of mdMSCs as cell therapy for joint diseases like osteoarthritis. An equine ost...
Equine insulin dysregulation causes tissue specific alterations of proinflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins in a NF-kB independent manner.
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology    October 8, 2022   Volume 253 110500 doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110500
Jayathilake WMNK, Furr M, Risco C, Lacombe VA.Similar to human diabetes, equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) causes insulin dysregulation leading to debilitating sequela including laminitis. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying EMS and laminitis are not well known. Therefore, using an insulin-resistant equine model, we hypothesized that insulin dysregulation induces an increased expression of inflammatory proteins in a tissue specific manner. Two groups of horses (n = -5/group) were categorized as insulin-resistant (IR) or insulin-sensitive (IS), using a frequently sampled intra-venous glucose tolerance test. Biopsies from skeletal ...
TGF-β2 enhances expression of equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell paracrine factors with known associations to tendon healing.
Stem cell research & therapy    September 16, 2022   Volume 13, Issue 1 477 doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-03172-9
Koch DW, Schnabel LV, Ellis IM, Bates RE, Berglund AK.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete paracrine factors and extracellular matrix proteins that contribute to their ability to support tissue healing and regeneration. Both the transcriptome and the secretome of MSCs can be altered by treating the cells with cytokines, but neither have been thoroughly investigated following treatment with the specific cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2. RNA-sequencing and western blotting were used to compare gene and protein expression between untreated and TGF-β2-treated equine bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). A co-culture system was utilized t...
Mitochondria transfer restores fibroblasts-like synoviocytes (FLS) plasticity in LPS-induced, in vitro synovitis model.
Cell communication and signaling : CCS    September 7, 2022   Volume 20, Issue 1 137 doi: 10.1186/s12964-022-00923-2
Kornicka-Garbowska K, Groborz S, Lynda B, Galuppo L, Marycz K.Synovitis (SI) is one of the most common and serious orthopedic diseases in horses of different age, breed and sex, which contributes to the development of osteoarthritis. The burden of SI includes economic loss and represents a real challenge for current veterinary health care. At the molecular level, fibroblasts-like synoviocytes (FLS) are recognized as major cell populations involved in SI pathogenesis. In the course of SI, FLSs are losing their protective and pro-regenerative cytological features, become highly proliferative and initiate various stress signaling pathways. Fibroblast-like s...
The cannabinoid receptors system in horses: Tissue distribution and cellular identification in skin.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine    July 8, 2022   Volume 36, Issue 4 1508-1524 doi: 10.1111/jvim.16467
Kupczyk P, Rykala M, Serek P, Pawlak A, Slowikowski B, Holysz M, Chodaczek G, Madej JP, Ziolkowski P, Niedzwiedz A.The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CBR1) and type 2 (CBR2), cannabinoid-based ligands (endogenous chemically synthesized phytocannabinoids), and endogenous enzymes controlling their concentrations. Cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) have been identified in invertebrates and in almost all vertebrate species in the central and peripheral nervous system as well as in immune cells, where they control neuroimmune homeostasis. In humans, rodents, dogs, and cats, CBRs expression has been confirmed in the skin, and their expression and tissue distribution become di...
Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles From the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Healthy and Asthmatic Horses.
Frontiers in veterinary science    June 21, 2022   Volume 9 894189 doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.894189
Hu00f6glund N, Koho N, Rossi H, Karttunen J, Mustonen AM, Nieminen P, Rilla K, Oikari S, Mykku00e4nen A.Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound particles that engage in inflammatory reactions by mediating cell-cell interactions. Previously, EVs have been isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of humans and rodents. The aim of this study was to investigate the number and size distribution of EVs in the BALF of asthmatic horses (EA, = 35) and healthy horses ( = 19). Saline was injected during bronchoscopy to the right lung followed by manual aspiration. The retrieved BALF was centrifuged twice to remove cells and biological debris. The supernatant was concentrated and EVs w...
ERAS Is Constitutively Expressed in the Tissues of Adult Horses and May Be a Key Player in Basal Autophagy.
Frontiers in veterinary science    May 24, 2022   Volume 9 818294 doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.818294
ERas is a new gene of the Ras family found in murine embryonic stem (ES) cells. Its human ortholog is not expressed in human ES cells. So far ERas gene has only been found to be expressed in the tissues of adult cynomolgus monkeys and cattle; however, information about ERAS expression or its potential functions in equine tissues is lacking. This study was performed to investigate whether Eras is an equine functional gene and whether ERAS is expressed in the tissues of adult horses and determine its potential physiological role. Expression of the ERas gene was detected in all examined adult tis...
Expression of Oxytocin/Neurophysin I and Oxytocinase in the Equine Conceptus from Day 8 to Day 21 Post-Ovulation.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI    March 22, 2022   Volume 12, Issue 7 799 doi: 10.3390/ani12070799
Diel de Amorim M, Klein C, Foster R, Dong L, Lopez-Rodriguez MF, Card C.Leucyl and cystinyl aminopeptidase (LNPEP/oxytocinase) is an enzyme that metabolizes oxytocin in serum and tissues. The presence of oxytocin/neurophysin I (OXT), oxytocin and LNPEP and their relationship to other genes is unknown in the equine conceptus. Our objective was to characterize gene expression of LNPEP and OXT on D8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16 and 21 conceptuses in relationship to other genes. Immunohistochemistry, western blot and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used for identification of oxytocin and LNPEP in D15, 16 and 18 conceptuses. LNPEP was increas...
Is stallion epididymal fluid phosphoproteome affected by the equine reproductive season?
Polish journal of veterinary sciences    February 19, 2022   Volume 24, Issue 4 487-495 doi: 10.24425/pjvs.2021.139973
Dyrda K, Orzou0142ek A, Ner-Kluza J, Wysocki P.Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins are considered to be the most important processes in sperm maturation during epididymal transit. The main aim of this study was to isolate and identify phosphoproteins from the epididymal milieu obtained from reproductively mature stallions during and out of the breeding season. With the use of 1D-PAGE and nanoLC-MS/MS, we identified phosphoproteins that fulfil various functions: regulatory, transport, motility, ubiquitination, chaperone, antioxidant, apoptotic and enzymatic. Moreover, we characterized tyrosine, serine and threonine phosphoryla...
Beclin 1, LC3 and P62 Expression in Equine Sarcoids.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI    December 23, 2021   Volume 12, Issue 1 20 doi: 10.3390/ani12010020
Martano M, Altamura G, Power K, Liguori P, Restucci B, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P.It is well known that δ-bovine papillomaviruses (BPV-1, BPV-2 and BPV-13) are one of the major causative agents of equine sarcoids, the most common equine skin tumors. Different viruses, including papillomaviruses, evolved ingenious strategies to modulate autophagy, a complex process involved in degradation and recycling of old and damaged material. Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate, by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB) analysis, the expression of the main related autophagy proteins (Beclin 1, protein light chain 3 (LC3) and P62), in 35 BPV1/2 positive equine sarco...
Cost of transport, but not gluteus medius and red blood cells monocarboxylate-transporters density differentiated Brazilian Sport Horses at two performance levels.
Research in veterinary science    December 21, 2021   Volume 143 20-27 doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.12.008
Feringer-Ju00fanior WH, de Carvalho JRG, Moranza HG, de Almeida MLM, Lemos EGM, Soares OAB, Ribeiro G, de Camargo Ferraz G.Cost of transport (COT) and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) could affect the ability to perform fast actions during a jumping discipline. This study aimed to compare the COT and evaluate the MCT1, MCT4, and their auxiliary protein CD147 content in the gluteus medius and RBCs of Brazilian sport horses (BH), a breed developed for jumping competitions, with low-level (LL) or intermediate-level (IL) jumping capacities. The physiological difference between the horses was assessed by an incremental jump test (IJT), in which the cost of lactate (COT) and heart rate (COT) of running were determine...
The Inhibitory Effect of Noscapine on the In Vitro Cathepsin G-Induced Collagen Expression in Equine Endometrium.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)    October 19, 2021   Volume 11, Issue 10 1107 doi: 10.3390/life11101107
Amaral A, Fernandes C, Szu00f3stek-Mioduchowska A, Lukasik K, Rebordu00e3o MR, Pinto-Bravo P, Skarzynski DJ, Ferreira-Dias G.Cathepsin G (CAT) is a protease released by neutrophils when forming neutrophil extracellular traps that was already associated with inducing type I collagen (COL1) in equine endometrium in vitro. Endometrosis is a fibrotic condition mainly characterized by COL1 deposition in the equine endometrium. The objective was to evaluate if noscapine (an alkaloid for cough treatment with anti-neoplastic and anti-fibrotic properties) would reduce transcription (evaluated by qPCR) and COL1 protein relative abundance (evaluated by western blot) induced by CAT in equine endometrial explants from follicula...
Bupivacaine in combination with sildenafil (Viagra) and vitamin D3 have anti-inflammatory effects in osteoarthritic chondrocytes.
Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery    October 19, 2021   Volume 2 100066 doi: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100066
Hansson E, Skiu00f6ldebrand E.To treat osteoarthritic chondrocytes and thereby reduce the inflammation with a drug combination that primarily affects 5-HT- and ATP-evoked Ca signaling. In osteoarthritic chondrocytes, Ca signaling is elevated, resulting in increased production of ATP and inflammatory mediators. The expression of TLR4 and Na/K-ATPase was used to evaluate the inflammatory status of the cells. Methods: Equine chondrocytes were collected from joints with mild structural osteoarthritic changes and cultured in monolayers. The cells were treated with a combination of bupivacaine (1 pM) and sildenafil (1 ​μM) i...
Research article expression of surfactant protein-A and D, and CD9 in lungs of 1 and 30 day old foals.
BMC veterinary research    July 5, 2021   Volume 17, Issue 1 236 doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-02943-5
Bocking T, Johnson L, Singh A, Desai A, Aulakh GK, Singh B.Respiratory diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the horses of all ages including foals. There is limited understanding of the expression of immune molecules such as tetraspanins and surfactant proteins (SP) and the regulation of the immune responses in the lungs of the foals. Therefore, the expression of CD9, SP-A and SP-D in foal lungs was examined. Results: Lungs from one day old (n = 6) and 30 days old (n = 5) foals were examined for the expression of CD9, SP-A, and SP-D with immunohistology and Western blots. Western blot data showed significant increase in the...
Effect of maternal overnutrition on predisposition to insulin resistance in the foal: Foal skeletal muscle development and insulin signaling.
Domestic animal endocrinology    July 2, 2021   Volume 77 106648 doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106648
Bradbery AN, Coverdale JA, Hammer CJ, Dunlap KA, Leatherwood JL, Satterfield MC.Skeletal muscle plays an integral role in the ability of a horse to perform at high levels. Shifts in skeletal muscle development in response to maternal plane of nutrition may have substantial and lasting impacts on athletic performance and whole-body metabolism. Therefore, sixteen Quarter Horse mares were used in a completely randomized design and maintained at a body condition score (BCS) 6 until start of third trimester. On d 235 of gestation, mares were randomly assigned to receive one of two dietary treatments with a diet formulated to meet requirements during late gestation (CON; n = ...
The G-Protein-Coupled Membrane Estrogen Receptor Is Present in Horse Cryptorchid Testes and Mediates Downstream Pathways.
International journal of molecular sciences    July 1, 2021   Volume 22, Issue 13 7131 doi: 10.3390/ijms22137131
Witkowski M, Pardyak L, Pawlicki P, Galuszka A, Profaska-Szymik M, Plachno BJ, Kantor S, Duliban M, Kotula-Balak M.Cryptorchidism in horses is a commonly occurring malformation. The molecular basis of this pathology is not fully known. In addition, the origins of high intratesticular estrogen levels in horses remain obscure. In order to investigate the role of the G-protein-coupled membrane estrogen receptor (GPER) and establish histological and biochemical cryptorchid testis status, healthy and cryptorchid horse testes were subjected to scanning electron microscopy analysis, histochemical staining for total protein (with naphthol blue black; NBB), acid content (with toluidine blue O; TBO), and polysacchar...
Immunological Cross-Reactivity of Proteins Extracted from the Oomycete Pythium insidiosum and the Fungus Basidiobolus ranarum Compromises the Detection Specificity of Immunodiagnostic Assays for Pythiosis.
Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)    June 11, 2021   Volume 7, Issue 6 474 doi: 10.3390/jof7060474
Rotchanapreeda T, Sae-Chew P, Lohnoo T, Yingyong W, Rujirawat T, Kumsang Y, Payattikul P, Jaturapaktrarak C, Intaramat A, Pathomsakulwong W....Pythiosis, a life-threatening disease caused by , has been increasingly diagnosed worldwide. A recently developed immunochromatographic test (ICT) enables the rapid diagnosis of pythiosis. During the 3-year clinical implementation of ICT in Thailand, we collected the laboratory reports of 38 animals with suspected pythiosis and detected ICT false-positive results in three horses and a dog with basidiobolomycosis. and cause infections with indistinguishable clinical and microscopic features. This study investigated cross-reactive antibodies by probing and crude extracts and cell-free synthe...
Aggrecan, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α profiles in the Articular Cartilage of Miniature Horses with Chondrodysplastic Dwarfism.
Journal of equine veterinary science    April 30, 2021   Volume 103 103643 doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103643
Basso RM, Andrade DGA, Alves CEF, Laufer-Amorim R, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP.Dwarfism is a skeletal disorder that causes abnormal growth. In Miniature horses, dwarfism can occur as chondrodysplastic dwarfism, an autosomal recessive disorder associated with five mutations (D1, D2, D3*, D4 and c.6465A > T variant) in the aggrecan (ACAN) gene. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of aggrecan (at the gene and protein level) and specific cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in the articular cartilage of Miniature horses with chondrodysplastic dwarfism (D4/c.6465A > T genotype). Metatarsal bone samples from eight dwarf Miniature horses were collected fo...
Microvascularization and Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Their Receptors in the Mare Oviduct.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI    April 12, 2021   Volume 11, Issue 4 1099 doi: 10.3390/ani11041099
Pinto-Bravo P, Rebordu00e3o MR, Amaral A, Fernandes C, Galvu00e3o A, Silva E, Pessa-Santos P, Alexandre-Pires G, Roberto da Costa RP, Skarzynski DJ....The oviduct presents the ideal conditions for fertilization and early embryonic development. In this study, (i) vascularization pattern; (ii) microvascular density; (iii) transcripts of angiogenic factors (, , ) and their receptors-, , , respectively, and (iv) the relative protein abundance of those receptors were assessed in cyclic mares' oviducts. The oviductal artery, arterioles and their ramifications, viewed by means of vascular injection-corrosion, differed in the infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus. The isthmus, immunostained with CD31, presented the largest vascular area and the highest ...
Characterization of Nuclear Progesterone Receptor Isoforms in the Term Equine Placenta.
Frontiers in veterinary science    April 1, 2021   Volume 8 660177 doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.660177
Nagy AM, Sathe SR, Atta AH, Hammam AMM, Hsu WH.In equine parturition, the role of progestins along with the nuclear progesterone receptor (nPR) signaling pathway in the placenta is not completely clarified. The progestins play an integral role in maintaining myometrial quiescence during the late stage of pregnancy via acting on nPR isoforms (PRA and PRB; PRB is more active than PRA). The current study aimed to determine the PRA and PRB expressions in the term equine placenta at the gene and protein levels. Six term equine placentas were used in this study. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to quantify the mR...
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