FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / Early experience with continuous positive airway pressure (C...
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2012; 53(4); 426-429;

Early experience with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 5 horses — a case series.

Abstract: This case series is the first report of the use of CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) ventilation in adult horses. Two horses and 3 ponies anesthetized for orthopedic procedures in lateral recumbency received 10 cm H(2)O CPAP. During anesthesia, arterial oxygen partial pressure tended to increase and arterial carbon dioxide pressure tended to increase despite increased minute ventilation index. The measured cardiovascular parameters were within physiologic limits. Cette série de cas est le premier rapport sur l’utilisation de la ventilation spontanée en pression positive continue (VSPPC) chez les chevaux adultes. Deux chevaux et 3 poneys anesthésiés pour des interventions orthopédiques en décubitus latéral ont reçu une VSPPC de 10 cm HO. Durant l’anesthésie, la pression partielle de l’oxygène dans le sang artériel a eu tendance à augmenter et la pression du gaz carbonique dans le sang artériel a eu tendance à augmenter malgré un indice de débit volume-accru. Les paramètres cardiovasculaires mesurés se situaient dans les limites physiologiques. (Traduit par Isabelle Vallières)
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2012-10-02 PubMed ID: 23024393PubMed Central: PMC3299518
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research studies the application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation for adult horses undergoing orthopedic procedures. The finding highlights that despite CPAP causing arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide pressure to increase, all measured cardiovascular parameters remained within safe physiological limits.

Introduction of CPAP in Veterinary Medicine

  • This study represents a pioneering effort in veterinary medicine as it puts forward the first recorded use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on adult horses.
  • CPAP is a mode of ventilation that’s common in human medicine, particularly in the management of conditions like sleep apnea. Its application in veterinary practice, until this study, was unfamiliar.

Testing and Application of CPAP

  • The procedure was carried out on five horses – two adult horses and three ponies- all of which were anesthetized for orthopedic procedures.
  • The horses were positioned in lateral recumbency (lying on their sides) and received 10 cm H(2)O of CPAP.
  • No adverse effects from the introduced CPAP were reported for the five tested horses. The horses’ cardiovascular parameters remained within the physiological limits considered safe.

Effects of CPAP on Horses

  • The arterial oxygen partial pressure of the horses tended to rise during the anesthesia. This response can be attributed to the constant airway pressure introduced by the CPAP leading to improved gas exchange.
  • The arterial carbon dioxide pressure of the horses also trended upward, in spite of the increased minute ventilation index. This could be related to an increase in dead space ventilation or altered perfusion patterns during anesthesia.

Future Considerations for CPAP Use in Veterinary Medicine

  • The study opens up new prospects for the adoption of CPAP in veterinary medicine, specifically for procedures requiring anesthesia where maintaining gas exchange is critical.
  • However, the rise in arterial carbon dioxide pressure despite increased ventilation indicates the need for future research and optimization of CPAP use during anesthesia in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
MacFarlane PD, Mosing M. (2012). Early experience with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 5 horses — a case series. Can Vet J, 53(4), 426-429.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 53
Issue: 4
Pages: 426-429

Researcher Affiliations

MacFarlane, Paul D
  • Division of Anaesthesia, School of Veterinary Clinical Science, The University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, CH64 7TE, United Kingdom.
Mosing, Martina

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Blood Gas Analysis / veterinary
    • Carbon Dioxide / blood
    • Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / veterinary
    • Horse Diseases / therapy
    • Horses
    • Oxygen / blood
    • Partial Pressure
    • Posture / physiology
    • Respiratory Function Tests / veterinary
    • Treatment Outcome

    References

    This article includes 21 references
    1. Hall LW, Gillespie JR, Tyler WS. Alveolar-arterial oxygen tension differences in anaesthetized horses.. Br J Anaesth 1968 Aug;40(8):560-8.
      pubmed: 4875426doi: 10.1093/bja/40.8.560google scholar: lookup
    2. Edner A, Nyman G, Essén-Gustavsson B. The effects of spontaneous and mechanical ventilation on central cardiovascular function and peripheral perfusion during isoflurane anaesthesia in horses.. Vet Anaesth Analg 2005 May;32(3):136-46.
      pubmed: 15877660doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2005.00190.xgoogle scholar: lookup
    3. McDonell WN, Hall LW. Functional residual capacity in conscious and anesthetized horses.. Br J Anaesth 1974;46:802–803.
    4. Nyman G, Funkquist B, Kvart C, Frostell C, Tokics L, Strandberg A, Lundquist H, Lundh B, Brismar B, Hedenstierna G. Atelectasis causes gas exchange impairment in the anaesthetised horse.. Equine Vet J 1990 Sep;22(5):317-24.
      pubmed: 2226395doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04280.xgoogle scholar: lookup
    5. Nyman G, Hedenstierna G. Ventilation-perfusion relationships in the anaesthetised horse.. Equine Vet J 1989 Jul;21(4):274-81.
      pubmed: 2670542doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02167.xgoogle scholar: lookup
    6. Moens Y, Lagerweij E, Gootjes P, Poortman J. Differential artificial ventilation in anesthetized horses positioned in lateral recumbency.. Am J Vet Res 1994 Sep;55(9):1319-26.
      pubmed: 7802402
    7. Wild M, Alagesan K. PEEP and CPAP.. Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain 2001;1:89–92.
    8. Simonneau G, Lemaire F, Harf A, Carlet J, Teisseire B. A comparative study of the cardiorespiratory effects of continuous positive airway pressure breathing and continuous positive pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure.. Intensive Care Med 1982 Mar;8(2):61-7.
      pubmed: 7042791doi: 10.1007/bf01694868google scholar: lookup
    9. Mosing M, Junot S. Use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in a horse with diaphragmatic hernia.. Pferdeheilkunde 2011;27:65–69.
    10. Beadle RE, Robinson NE, Sorenson PR. Cardiopulmonary effects of positive end-expiratory pressure in anesthetized horses.. Am J Vet Res 1975 Oct;36(10):1435-8.
      pubmed: 242244
    11. Day TK, Gaynor JS, Muir WW 3rd, Bednarski RM, Mason DE. Blood gas values during intermittent positive pressure ventilation and spontaneous ventilation in 160 anesthetized horses positioned in lateral or dorsal recumbency.. Vet Surg 1995 May-Jun;24(3):266-76.
      pubmed: 7653042doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1995.tb01330.xgoogle scholar: lookup
    12. Swanson CR, Muir WW 3rd. Hemodynamic and respiratory responses in halothane-anesthetized horses exposed to positive end-expiratory pressure alone and with dobutamine.. Am J Vet Res 1988 Apr;49(4):539-42.
      pubmed: 3288021
    13. Raisis AL, Blissitt KJ, Henley W, Rogers K, Adams V, Young LE. The effects of halothane and isoflurane on cardiovascular function in laterally recumbent horses.. Br J Anaesth 2005 Sep;95(3):317-25.
      pubmed: 15980042doi: 10.1093/bja/aei180google scholar: lookup
    14. Steffey EP, Howland D Jr. Comparison of circulatory and respiratory effects of isoflurane and halothane anesthesia in horses.. Am J Vet Res 1980 May;41(5):821-5.
      pubmed: 7406305
    15. Clement I, Mansfield L, Mackenzie I. Oxygen therapy, continuous positive airway pressure and non-invasive ventilation.. In: Mackenzie I, editor. Core Topics in Mechanical Ventilation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ Pr; 2008. pp. 32–54.
    16. Pilbeam S. Methods to improve oxygenation.. In: Pilbeam S, editor. Mechanical Ventilation. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2006. pp. 262–290.
    17. McMurphy RM, Young LE, Marlin DJ, Walsh K. Comparison of the cardiopulmonary effects of anesthesia maintained by continuous infusion of romifidine, guaifenesin, and ketamine with anesthesia maintained by inhalation of halothane in horses.. Am J Vet Res 2002 Dec;63(12):1655-61.
      pubmed: 12492279doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2002.63.1655google scholar: lookup
    18. Mansel JC, Clutton RE. The influence of body mass and thoracic dimensions on arterial oxygenation in anaesthetized horses and ponies.. Vet Anaesth Analg 2008 Sep;35(5):392-9.
      pubmed: 18466164doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2008.00400.xgoogle scholar: lookup
    19. Kalchofner KS, Picek S, Ringer SK, Jackson M, Hässig M, Bettschart-Wolfensberger R. A study of cardiovascular function under controlled and spontaneous ventilation in isoflurane-medetomidine anaesthetized horses.. Vet Anaesth Analg 2009 Sep;36(5):426-35.
      pubmed: 19709046doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00477.xgoogle scholar: lookup
    20. Donaldson LL. Retrospective assessment of dobutamine therapy for hypotension in anesthetized horses.. Vet Surg 1988 Jan-Feb;17(1):53-7.
      pubmed: 3256143doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1988.tb00275.xgoogle scholar: lookup
    21. Vuori A. Effects of the level of CPAP on central haemodynamics and oxygen transport.. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1980 Aug;24(4):295-8.
      pubmed: 7008486doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1980.tb01551.xgoogle scholar: lookup

    Citations

    This article has been cited 2 times.
    1. Raidal SL, Catanchin CSM, Burgmeestre L, Quinn CT. Bi-Level Positive Airway Pressure for Non-invasive Respiratory Support of Foals.. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:741720.
      doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.741720pubmed: 34660771google scholar: lookup
    2. Donnelly CG, Quinn CT, Nielsen SG, Raidal SL. Respiratory Support for Pharmacologically Induced Hypoxia in Neonatal Calves.. Vet Med Int 2016;2016:2129362.
      doi: 10.1155/2016/2129362pubmed: 26998379google scholar: lookup
    Subscribe to our newsletter
    Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.