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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2017; 31(2); 556-567; doi: 10.1111/jvim.14641

Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in Healthy Horses and in Horses with Heart Disease Using Pulsed-Wave Tissue Doppler Imaging.

Abstract: Assessment of left ventricular (LV) function by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is not well established in horses with heart disease. Objective: To describe the use of pulsed-wave (PW) TDI for the assessment of LV function, establish reference intervals, investigate effects of mitral regurgitation (MR), aortic regurgitation (AR), and primary myocardial disease (MD), and provide proof of concept for the use of PW TDI in Warmblood horses with heart disease. Methods: Thirty healthy horses, 38 horses with MR, 25 with AR, 8 with MD. Methods: Echocardiograms were retrospectively analyzed. Reference intervals were calculated. PW TDI indices of healthy horses and horses with MR, AR, and MD were compared by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's test. Results: A complete set of PW TDI variables could be obtained in 94 of 101 horses. Variables corresponding to isovolumic intervals were most difficult to measure. Valvular regurgitation influenced variables describing isovolumic contraction and ejection. Horses with MD had significantly shortened ET (-118.5 [-154.1 to -82.9] ms; mean difference [95% CI of difference of means]), increased PEP /ET (0.11 [0.05 to 0.17]), prolonged IMP (0.28 [0.18 to 0.37]), increased S (8.9 [5.2 to 12.6] cm/s), and decreased E (-2.6 [-4.7 to -0.5] cm/s), E (-14.2 [-19.9 to -8.5] cm/s), and E /A ratio (-1.6 [-2.6 to -0.6]). Conclusions: Pulsed-wave TDI might be useful for detection of LV dysfunction in horses with primary MD. The clinical value of TDI in horses with MR and AR remains uncertain.
Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2017-01-21 PubMed ID: 28109132PubMed Central: PMC5354014DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14641Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on using pulsed-wave Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) to assess left ventricular (LV) function in horses, particularly those with heart disease, while also setting reference intervals and exploring the impacts of different heart conditions.

Objective and Methodology

  • The goal of the study was to demonstrate how pulsed-wave (PW) TDI could be used to assess left ventricular (LV) function in Warmblood horses suffering from heart disease.
  • Reference intervals were also established for PW TDI indexes by analyzing echocardiograms retrospectively.
  • The research involved 30 healthy horses and 38 horses with mitral regurgitation (MR), 25 with aortic regurgitation (AR), and 8 with primary myocardial disease (MD).
  • An ANOVA and Dunnett’s test was used to compare the PW TDI indices of healthy horses and horses with MR, AR, and MD.

Results

  • In 94 out of 101 horses, a complete set of PW TDI variables could be collected. Variables corresponding to isovolumic intervals were the most challenging to estimate.
  • Valvular regurgitation influenced variables describing isovolumic contraction and ejection time period.
  • Horses with MD exhibited a significantly shortened Ejection Time (ET), increased Pre-Ejection Period to Ejection Time ratio (PEP/ET), elongated Isovolumic Contraction Time (IMP), increased systolic velocity (S), and reduced early diastolic velocity (E), late diastolic velocity (A), and the ratio of early to late diastolic velocity (E/A ratio).

Conclusion

  • Pulsed-wave TDI could potentially be a useful tool in detecting LV dysfunction in horses with MD, according to the results.
  • Nevertheless, the clinical significance of TDI in horses with mitral regurgitation (MR) and aortic regurgitation (AR) remains undetermined. Though it was noticed that these conditions influenced certain variables, the paper did not conclusively establish whether or not TDI was effective in their detection.

Cite This Article

APA
Koenig TR, Mitchell KJ, Schwarzwald CC. (2017). Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in Healthy Horses and in Horses with Heart Disease Using Pulsed-Wave Tissue Doppler Imaging. J Vet Intern Med, 31(2), 556-567. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14641

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 31
Issue: 2
Pages: 556-567

Researcher Affiliations

Koenig, T R
  • Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Mitchell, K J
  • Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Schwarzwald, C C
  • Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Echocardiography, Doppler / veterinary
  • Female
  • Heart Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Diseases / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / diagnostic imaging
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / veterinary
  • Ventricular Function, Left

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