Effect of dantrolene premedication on various cardiovascular and biochemical variables and the recovery in healthy isoflurane-anesthetized horses.
Abstract: To determine the effect of dantrolene premedication on various cardiovascular and biochemical variables and recovery in isoflurane-anesthetized horses. Methods: 6 healthy horses. Methods: Each horse was anesthetized twice with a 21- to 28-day washout period between anesthetic sessions. Food was not withheld from horses before either session. During each session, dantrolene (6 mg/kg in 2 L of water) or water (2 L) was administered via a nasogastric tube 1 hour before anesthesia was induced. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane for 90 minutes, during which blood gas analyses and lithium-dilution cardiac output (CO) measurements were obtained every 10 minutes. Serum creatine kinase activity was measured before and at 4, 8, and 12 hours after anesthesia. Results: When horses were premedicated with dantrolene, CO at 25, 35, and 45 minutes after induction of anesthesia was significantly lower than that when horses were premedicated with water after which time difficulty in obtaining valid measurements suggested a continued decrease in CO; plasma potassium concentration progressively increased during anesthesia, whereas serum creatine kinase activity remained fairly stable and within reference limits through 12 hours after anesthesia; and 2 of 6 horses developed cardiac arrhythmias that required medical intervention. The quality of anesthetic recovery was slightly better when horses were premedicated with dantrolene versus water, although the time required for recovery did not differ significantly between treatments. Conclusions: Results suggested that dantrolene premedication prevented muscle damage without affecting anesthetic recovery but impaired CO and precipitated hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias in healthy isoflurane-anesthetized horses.
Publication Date: 2015-03-31 PubMed ID: 25815570DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.76.4.293Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The study investigates the impact of dantrolene premedication on cardiovascular and biochemical factors, as well as post-anesthesia recovery, in healthy horses anesthetized with isoflurane.
Research Methodology
- This study involved a total of six healthy horses. Each horse underwent two anesthetic sessions with a 21 to 28-day washout period in between.
- The horses were not deprived of food before any of the sessions. In each session, dantrolene (6 mg/kg in 2 liters of water) or plain water (2 liters) was administered via a nasogastric tube one hour before anesthesia induction.
- The horses were anesthetized with isoflurane for a duration of 90 minutes. During this time, blood gas analyses and lithium-dilution cardiac output (CO) measurements were obtained at every 10-minute interval.
- Serum creatine kinase activity, an indicator of muscle damage, was measured prior to and at four-hour, eight-hour, and twelve-hour intervals post anesthesia.
Research Findings
- When horses were premedicated with dantrolene, the CO at 25, 35, and 45 minutes post anesthesia induction was significantly lower compared to when the animals were premedicated with water.
- During the course of anesthesia, plasma potassium concentration gradually increased. However, serum creatine kinase activity remained fairly consistent and within reference limits for up to 12 hours after anesthesia.
- In two out of the six horses, cardiac arrhythmias transpired that necessitated medical intervention.
- Post-anesthesia recovery quality somewhat improved when horses were premedicated with dantrolene compared to water. Nevertheless, the time to recovery did not significantly differ between the two premedication methods.
Research Conclusions
- The results suggest that premedication with dantrolene could prevent muscle damage without influencing the quality of recovery after anesthesia.
- However, it was found to impair CO, and trigger hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias in healthy horses anesthetized with isoflurane.
Cite This Article
APA
McKenzie EC, Di Concetto S, Payton ME, Mandsager RE, Arko M.
(2015).
Effect of dantrolene premedication on various cardiovascular and biochemical variables and the recovery in healthy isoflurane-anesthetized horses.
Am J Vet Res, 76(4), 293-301.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.76.4.293 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Oral
- Anesthesia Recovery Period
- Anesthesia, Inhalation / veterinary
- Anesthetics, Combined
- Anesthetics, Inhalation
- Animals
- Blood Gas Analysis / veterinary
- Cross-Over Studies
- Dantrolene / administration & dosage
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Isoflurane / administration & dosage
- Male
- Muscle Relaxants, Central / administration & dosage
- Premedication
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Gozalo-Marcilla M, Ringer SK. Recovery after General Anaesthesia in Adult Horses: A Structured Summary of the Literature. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jun 14;11(6).
- Aldrich K, Velez-Irizarry D, Fenger C, Schott M, Valberg SJ. Pathways of calcium regulation, electron transport, and mitochondrial protein translation are molecular signatures of susceptibility to recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis in Thoroughbred racehorses. PLoS One 2021;16(2):e0244556.
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