Effect of drug formulation and feeding on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered quinidine in the horse.
Abstract: Quinidine is the drug of choice for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias in horses. The plasma concentrations vs. time profiles following oral administration of two formulations of quinidine sulphate, an oral solution and an oral suspension paste, were evaluated in nine horses. They received multiple administrations of the oral solution under fed and non-fed conditions and of the paste under non-fed conditions. A loading dose of 20 mg.kg-1 and a maintenance dose of 10 mg.kg-1 quinidine with dosing interval of 6 h were used. The relative bioavailability of the oral solution under fed conditions in comparison to the solution under non-fed conditions was 75.0 +/- 10.2% for the loading dose and 97.18 +/- 31.66% after the fourth dose. For the paste formulation the relative bioavailability values are not reported, as steady-state levels were not reached. There was a large variation in plasma quinidine levels when the paste formulation was administered. Feeding conditions had a significant influence on the Cmax values after administration of the loading dose. The Tmax values were not affected by food intake. It was concluded that an oral solution has to be preferred because of the variable drug bioavailability from the paste formulation and the poor acceptability of the paste by the horse.
Publication Date: 1994-08-01 PubMed ID: 7966546DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1994.tb00245.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The study focuses on how different formulations of the drug quinidine and feeding conditions affect the drug’s absorption in horses. It reveals that different formulations of orally administered quinidine, along with feeding, greatly influence the drug’s pharmacokinetics, with an oral solution preferred due to its consistent bioavailability.
Objective and Methodology
- The research examined the influence of two quinidine formulations (an oral solution and an oral suspension paste) and feeding conditions (fed and non-fed conditions) on the drug’s pharmacokinetics in horses.
- Quinidine is a medication commonly used for treating heart arrhythmias in horses.
- Nine horses were studied, receiving multiple administrations of quinidine under varying conditions. A loading dose and maintenance dose were used at set intervals.
Findings
- The study found that the bioavailability of the oral solution under fed conditions compared to non-fed conditions was 75.0 +/- 10.2% for the loading dose and 97.18 +/- 31.66% after the fourth dose.
- No values for the bioavailability of the paste formulation were provided because steady-state levels were not achieved, indicating inconsistent absorption levels with this formulation.
- There was a considerable variation in plasma quinidine levels when the paste formulation was administered. This inconsistency raises concerns about the reliability of the paste version in delivering the necessary drug levels.
- The study also found that feeding conditions significantly impacted the maximum concentration (Cmax) values after the administration of the loading dose. However, the time it took to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax) was not affected by food intake.
Conclusion
- The researchers concluded that an oral solution of quinidine should be preferred over the paste formulation. This preference is due to the inconsistent bioavailability from the paste formulation and its poor acceptability by the horse.
- The findings may provide valuable information for manufacturers to improve their drug production and for veterinary practitioners in prescribing the most effective form of medication.
Cite This Article
APA
Bouckaert S, Voorspoels J, Vandenbossche G, Deprez P, Remon JP.
(1994).
Effect of drug formulation and feeding on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered quinidine in the horse.
J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 17(4), 275-278.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.1994.tb00245.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ghent, Belgium.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Biological Availability
- Diet
- Eating
- Female
- Fluoroimmunoassay / veterinary
- Gastric Lavage / veterinary
- Horses / metabolism
- Male
- Ointments
- Quinidine / pharmacokinetics
- Solutions
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Fadel C, Giorgi M. Synopsis of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, applications, and safety of firocoxib in horses. Vet Anim Sci 2023 Mar;19:100286.
- Decloedt A, Schwarzwald CC, De Clercq D, Van Der Vekens N, Pardon B, Reef VB, van Loon G. Risk factors for recurrence of atrial fibrillation in horses after cardioversion to sinus rhythm. J Vet Intern Med 2015 May-Jun;29(3):946-53.
- Kuroda T, Minamijima Y, Kinman CK, Takahashi Y, Ebisuda Y, Inoue K, Ishikawa H, Mita H, Tamura N, Nukada T, Toutain PL, Ohta M. Rational quinidine dosage regimen for atrial fibrillation in Thoroughbred racehorses based on population pharmacokinetics. Front Vet Sci 2024;11:1454342.
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