Effect of Propionibacterium acnes-containing immunostimulant on interferon-gamma (IFNγ) production in the neonatal foal.

This research investigates the impact of a commercial immunostimulant, EqStim, on the production of interferon gamma (IFNγ) in young horses (foals), with the hope to enhance their resistance to certain infections.

Overview of the Study

• This is a biological study investigating the use of a specific commercial immunostimulant (EqStim, which contains Propionibacterium acnes) on the production of a Th1 cytokine, interferon gamma (IFNγ), in young horses known as foals.
• IFNγ is linked with resistance to intracellular pathogens, including Rhodococcus equi, which is a bacteria responsible for a common and severe infection in foals.
• Researchers noted that neonatal foals naturally show an initial deficiency in the production of IFNγ which then increases as they grow older, reaching maximum levels in their first year.
• The increase in IFNγ production is believed to be a response to stimulation by environmental antigens and pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) which signal through toll-like receptors (TLR).
• Previously, immunostimulants containing PAMPS have been administered to adult horses to modify their immune response, but their effect on IFNγ expression in foals is largely unknown.

Objective and Methodology

• The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of EqStim on IFNγ production in foals.
• The research is designed to offer clear insights into the role of immunostimulants in modifying the immune response of foals, potentially leading to improvements in their ability to resist infections.
• The researchers planned to measure the impact of EqStim on IFNγ production through techniques such as intracellular staining (IFNγ) and RT-PCR.

Significance of the Study

• If a positive effect is demonstrated, this research may provide a viable method for boosting the immune system of young horses, improving their resistance against harmful infections like R. equi.
• This would be beneficial for the overall health and survival rates of foals, contributing to better welfare in the equine industry.