Effect of subchondral drilling on repair of partial-thickness cartilage defects of third carpal bones in horses.
Abstract: Arthrotomies of middle carpal joints were done on 13 horses, and a 1-cm partial thickness, round defect was made on the radial facet of both third carpal bones. In one joint, 1-mm diameter 1-cm deep holes were drilled within the defect, and one joint was used as a control. horses were assigned to 2 groups--group 1 (n = 6 horses), 5 drill holes; group 2 (n = 7 horses), 11 drill holes. At 1 and 3 weeks after surgery, differences between joints in synovial fluid total protein values, WBC counts, or results of mucin precipitate tests were not significant (P = 0.005). Physically and radiographically, horses were the same during the 12 initial weeks they were housed in stalls and the 9 weeks they were kept in paddocks. Twenty-one weeks after surgery, horses were euthanatized. Joints with drill holes had a significantly greater area (P less than 0.05) of healthy fibrocartilage new tissue: group 1-33 to 68% new tissue, compared with 0 to 23% new tissue in controls; and group 2-22 to 64% new tissue, compared with 0 to 37% new tissue in controls. Differences between healing of defects with drill holes in groups 1 and 2 were not significant. Thickness of new tissue over drill holes was 33 to 61% of thickness of cartilage adjacent to the defect, and thickness of tissue between drill holes was 11 to 43% (group 1) and 8 to 79% (group 2) of the thickness of cartilage adjacent to the defect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1989-02-01 PubMed ID: 2719397
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research investigates the impact of subchondral drilling on the recovery of partial-thickness cartilage defects in horses’ third carpal bones. It indicates that defects with drill holes show more new, healthy fibrocartilage development than those without, suggesting drilling might be advantageous for repair processes.
Research Methodology
- The study was performed on 13 horses. Each horse had arthrotomies of middle carpal joints and a round, 1cm partial thickness defect was created on the radial facet of both third carpal bones.
- In one joint, 1mm diameter and 1cm deep holes were drilled within the defect, while the other joint served as a control with no holes drilled.
- The horses were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 6 horses which had 5 drill holes each and Group 2 consisted of 7 horses with 11 drill holes each.
Data Collection and Analysis
- Differences between the joints with regards to synovial fluid total protein values, white blood count, and mucin precipitate tests were analysed 1 week and 3 weeks after the surgery. No significant differences were found.
- For the initial 12 weeks after surgery, horses were kept in stalls and then moved to paddocks for the next 9-week period. Observations were made during this period, noting physical and radiographic features of the animals to ensure no distinctive changes occurred.
Results and Conclusion
- The animals were euthanized twenty-one weeks post-surgery for final examination. The defects with drill holes indicated a significantly larger amount of healthy fibrocartilage new tissue.
- Group 1 showed between 33% to 68% new tissue, compared to the control which showed 0% to 23%. Meanwhile, Group 2 demonstrated 22% to 64% new tissue, as compared to the control which showed 0% to 37%.
- The difference between healing of defects with drill holes in both groups were not significant. The new tissue thickness over drill holes was 33% to 61% of the thickness of cartilage adjacent to the defect, and the thickness of tissue between drill holes ranged from 11% to 43% in Group 1 and 8% to 79% in Group 2.
- The researchers concluded that subchondral drilling might be beneficial in promoting repair of partial-thickness cartilage defects in horses’ third carpal bones.
Cite This Article
APA
Shamis LD, Bramlage LR, Gabel AA, Weisbrode S.
(1989).
Effect of subchondral drilling on repair of partial-thickness cartilage defects of third carpal bones in horses.
Am J Vet Res, 50(2), 290-295.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Ohio State University, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Columbus 43210.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carpus, Animal / injuries
- Carpus, Animal / surgery
- Cartilage, Articular / injuries
- Cartilage, Articular / surgery
- Female
- Forelimb / surgery
- Horses / injuries
- Horses / surgery
- Male
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Gao L, Goebel LKH, Orth P, Cucchiarini M, Madry H. Subchondral drilling for articular cartilage repair: a systematic review of translational research. Dis Model Mech 2018 Jun 19;11(6).
- Pfeifer CG, Fisher MB, Saxena V, Kim M, Henning EA, Steinberg DA, Dodge GR, Mauck RL. Age-Dependent Subchondral Bone Remodeling and Cartilage Repair in a Minipig Defect Model. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017 Nov;23(11):745-753.
- McIlwraith CW, Fortier LA, Frisbie DD, Nixon AJ. Equine Models of Articular Cartilage Repair. Cartilage 2011 Oct;2(4):317-26.
- Chen G, Sun J, Lascau-Coman V, Chevrier A, Marchand C, Hoemann CD. Acute Osteoclast Activity following Subchondral Drilling Is Promoted by Chitosan and Associated with Improved Cartilage Repair Tissue Integration. Cartilage 2011 Apr;2(2):173-85.
- Hoemann C, Kandel R, Roberts S, Saris DB, Creemers L, Mainil-Varlet P, Méthot S, Hollander AP, Buschmann MD. International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Recommended Guidelines for Histological Endpoints for Cartilage Repair Studies in Animal Models and Clinical Trials. Cartilage 2011 Apr;2(2):153-72.
- Desjardins MR, Hurtig MB. Cartilage healing: A review with emphasis on the equine model. Can Vet J 1990 Aug;31(8):565-72.
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