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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Med Sci / Effects of branched-chain amino acids on immune status of yo...
The Journal of veterinary medical science2022; 84(4); 558-565; doi: 10.1292/jvms.21-0529

Effects of branched-chain amino acids on immune status of young racing horses.

Abstract: High-intensity exercise and competition are associated with depressed immune function. Young horses, which participate in high-intensity exercise and competitions, are at increased risk for the development of infectious disease due to depression of immune function. The effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on the immune status of young racing horses were evaluated, determining whether BCAA might help to avoid or reduce immune suppression during exercise and competitions. Twenty horses (10 male and 10 female) were treated with BCAA supplementation; another twenty untreated horses (10 male and 10 female) constituted control group. Peripheral blood was collected from each animal and evaluated for lymphocyte subsets, phagocytosis analysis of monocytes and granulocytes, lymphocyte proliferative response, and expression of cytokine-encoding messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs). The numbers of CD4, CD8, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II cells in females of the treated group were significantly higher than those in females of the control group. The lymphocyte proliferative response in female of the treated group also was significantly higher than that in females of the control group. In addition, expression of mRNAs encoding interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in females of the treated group was significantly higher than that in females of the control group. There were no significant differences between males of the treated and control groups. The results of this study indicated the positive effects of BCAA supplementation in counteracting immunosuppression in young female racing horses during and following high-intensity exercise.
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Publication Date: 2022-02-24 PubMed ID: 35197413PubMed Central: PMC9096041DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0529Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the impact of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplements on the immune system of young, racing horses. It highlights that BCAA may help improve immune response, particularly in female horses, during periods of intense physical activity.

Research Context and Aim

  • The research is premised on the knowledge that intense exercise and competition can impair an animal’s immune system. For young racing horses, this translates to an increased risk of infection.
  • The objective is to determine if supplementing the diet of such horses with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) could help support their immune function during high-intensity exercise and competition.

Research Design and Methods

  • The study involved 40 horses, with 20 receiving BCAA supplementation (treatment group) and the other 20 not receiving this supplementation (control group). This group composition was equal in terms of gender distribution.
  • Peripheral blood was collected from each horse and various immune-related factors were analyzed. This included lymphocyte subsets, the ability of monocytes and granulocytes to perform phagocytosis, lymphocyte proliferative response, and the expression of cytokine-encoding messenger RNA (mRNA).

Results and Key Findings

  • The study found that female horses in the treatment group exhibited significantly higher counts of CD4, CD8, and MHC class II cells compared to females in the control group. The lymphocyte proliferative response in females of the treatment group was also significantly higher than those in the control group.
  • In terms of molecular changes, the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) encoding mRNAs was significantly higher in the female horses from the treatment group compared to their counterparts in the control group.
  • This boost in immune function was not observed in male horses from the treatment group compared against control males, indicating a possible gender-based variation in the effect of BCAA supplementation.

Conclusion and Implications

  • The results of this study suggest that BCAA supplementation can have a beneficial impact on the immune function of young female racing horses during periods of high-intensity exercise.
  • This implies that BCAA supplementation may be a useful adjunct to immune support during intense physical activity in horses, although further research would be required to ascertain the reasons for the observed gender-based differences in response to BCAA supplementation.

Cite This Article

APA
Baakhtari M, Imaizumi N, Kida T, Yanagita T, Ramah A, Ahmadi P, Takebe N, Iwamoto Y, Korosue K, Tsuzuki N, Yasuda M. (2022). Effects of branched-chain amino acids on immune status of young racing horses. J Vet Med Sci, 84(4), 558-565. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.21-0529

Publication

The Journal of veterinary medical science
ISSN: 1347-7439
NlmUniqueID: 9105360
Country: Japan
Language: English
Volume: 84
Issue: 4
Pages: 558-565

Researcher Affiliations

Baakhtari, Mahmoud
  • Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
  • Faculty of Veterinary Science, Balkh University, Balkh, Afghanistan.
Imaizumi, Noriko
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
Kida, Tetsuo
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
Yanagita, Tenya
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
Ramah, Amany
  • Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
  • Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia, Egypt.
Ahmadi, Parnian
  • Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
  • Faculty of Veterinary Science, Balkh University, Balkh, Afghanistan.
Takebe, Naoya
  • Japan Racing Association (JRA) and Miyazaki Yearling Training Farm, Miyazaki, Japan.
Iwamoto, Yohei
  • Japan Racing Association (JRA) and Miyazaki Yearling Training Farm, Miyazaki, Japan.
Korosue, Kenji
  • Japan Racing Association (JRA) and Miyazaki Yearling Training Farm, Miyazaki, Japan.
Tsuzuki, Nao
  • Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan.
Yasuda, Masahiro
  • Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
  • Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.

MeSH Terms

  • Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / metabolism
  • Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Cytokines
  • Female
  • Horses
  • Male

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