Effects of Epinephrine, Detomidine, and Butorphanol on Assessments of Insulin Sensitivity in Mares.
Abstract: Sympathoadrenal stimulation may perturb results of endocrine tests performed on fractious horses. Sedation may be beneficial; however, perturbation of results may preclude useful information. Four experiments were designed to 1) determine the effects of epinephrine on insulin response to glucose (IR2G), 2) assess the effects of detomidine (DET), alone or combined with butorphanol (DET/BUT), on IR2G and glucose response to insulin (GR2I), and 3) assess the effects of BUT alone on IR2G. In Experiment 1, mares were administered saline or epinephrine (5 μg/kg BW) immediately before infusion of glucose (100 mg/kg BW). Glucose stimulated (P < .05) insulin release in controls at 5 minutes that persisted through 30 minutes; insulin was suppressed (P < .05) by epinephrine from 5 to 15 minutes, rising gradually through 30 minutes. Experiments 2 (IR2G) and 3 (GR2I) were conducted as triplicated 3 × 3 Latin squares with the following treatments: saline (SAL), DET, and DET/BUT (all administered at .01 mg/kg BW). Glucose stimulated (P < .05) insulin release that persisted through 30 minutes in SAL mares; DET and DET/BUT severely suppressed (P < .0001) the IR2G. Sedation did not affect resting glucose and had inconsistent effects on the GR2I when mares were treated with 50 mIU/kg BW recombinant human insulin. Butorphanol had no effect on IR2G. In conclusion, adrenergic agonists severely suppress the IR2G and cannot be used for sedation for this test. The use of DET did not alter the GR2I, and therefore may be useful for conducting this test in fractious horses.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2019-12-03 PubMed ID: 31952633DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.102842Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research article examines how Epinephrine, Detomidine, and Butorphanol influence insulin sensitivity assessments in mares, uncovering that adrenergic agonists severely suppress insulin response to glucose, thereby rendering them unsuitable for sedation during such tests.
Objective and Design of Experiments
- The primary objective of this study was to understand how Epinephrine, Detomidine (DET), and Butorphanol (BUT) affect insulin sensitivity assessments.
- Four experiments were carried out to determine the effects of these substances on insulin response to glucose (IR2G), as well as glucose response to insulin (GR2I).
- The mares were administered saline or the substance being tested before infusion of glucose. The reactions were then monitored and recorded.
Findings from the Experiments
- The first experiment displayed that adrenaline or epinephrine suppresses the insulin response from 5 to 15 minutes after glucose infusion, permitting it to gradually rise through 30 minutes.
- The second and third experiments tested the effects of DET alone or combined with BUT on IR2G and GR2I. Both DET and DET/BUT were found to strongly suppress the IR2G, but didn’t consistently affect the GR2I.
- The last experiment found that BUT alone did not affect the IR2G.
Conclusions Drawn
- Adrenergic agonists, compounds that stimulate activity at adrenergic receptors (such as Epinephrine), severely suppress the insulin response to glucose, making them unsuitable for use as sedatives during these tests.
- Detomidine did not alter the glucose response to insulin, so it may still be useful for conducting these tests on fractious (unruly) horses.
- Butorphanol did not affect the insulin response to glucose, suggesting it does not interfere with this type of testing.
Cite This Article
APA
Kerrigan LE, Thompson DL, Chapman AM, Oberhaus EL.
(2019).
Effects of Epinephrine, Detomidine, and Butorphanol on Assessments of Insulin Sensitivity in Mares.
J Equine Vet Sci, 85, 102842.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2019.102842 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA.
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA.
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA. Electronic address: eoberhaus@agcenter.lsu.edu.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Butorphanol
- Cross-Over Studies
- Epinephrine
- Female
- Horse Diseases
- Horses
- Imidazoles
- Insulin Resistance
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