Effects of intra-articular administration of lidocaine, mepivacaine, and the preservative methyl parahydroxybenzoate on synovial fluid biomarkers of horses.
Abstract: To compare the extent of inflammation and catabolic collagen response in the middle carpal joints (MCJs) of healthy horses following intra-articular injection of 2% lidocaine, 2% mepivacaine, lactated Ringer solution (LRS), or 0.1% methyl parahydroxybenzoate. 17 adult horses. In the first of 2 experiments, the left middle carpal joint (MCJ) of each of 12 horses was injected with 10 mL of 2% lidocaine (n = 3), 2% mepivacaine (3), or LRS (control; 6). After a 4-week washout period, the right MCJ of the horses that received lidocaine or mepivacaine was injected with 10 mL of LRS, and the right MCJ of horses that received LRS was injected with 10 mL of 2% lidocaine (n = 3) or 2% mepivacaine (3). In experiment 2, the left MCJ of each of 5 horses was injected with 10 mL of 0.1% methyl parahydroxybenzoate. After a 48-hour washout period, the right MCJ of each horse was injected with 10 mL of LRS. Synovial fluid (SF) samples were aseptically collected before and at predetermined times after each injection. Synovial fluid WBC count, neutrophil percentage, and total protein, neutrophil myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase, and Coll2-1 concentrations were compared among treatments. Both lidocaine and mepivacaine induced SF changes indicative of inflammation and a catabolic collagen response, but the magnitude of those changes was more pronounced for lidocaine. Methyl parahydroxybenzoate did not cause any SF changes indicative of inflammation. Results suggested that mepivacaine was safer than lidocaine for intra-articular injection in horses.
Publication Date: 2020-05-22 PubMed ID: 32436793DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.81.6.479Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research investigates the effects of intra-articular injections of lidocaine, mepivacaine, and methyl parahydroxybenzoate on inflammation and collagen degradation in healthy horses’ middle carpal joints, finding mepivacaine to be the safest option.
Study Overview
- The research aims to understand the impact of lidocaine, mepivacaine, and the preservative methyl parahydroxybenzoate on the extent of inflammation and collagen breakdown in the middle carpal joints (MCJs) of horses.
- The study was conducted in two parts, the first involving 12 horses and the second involving 5.
- Various treatments were injected into the left and right MCJ of horses and the effects were compared.
- Overall, it appears that the injection of mepivacaine had less severe impacts on joint inflammation and collagen degradation compared to lidocaine.
Experiment Details
- In the first experiment, 12 horses were injected with lidocaine, mepivacaine, or a control fluid known as Lactated Ringer Solution (LRS). This was followed by a 4-week washout period, after which the other MCJ of each horse was injected with a different substance. The synovial fluid (SF) samples were taken before and after each injection, and tested for various inflammation and collagen degradation markers.
- The second experiment involved 5 horses, where each horse was injected with methyl parahydroxybenzoate into the left MCJ. After a 48-hour washout period, the right MCJ of each horse was injected with LRS, and SF samples were taken like in the first experiment.
- Neutrophil myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase, and Coll2-1 concentration were considered for the biomarker measurement – these are indicators of inflammation and collagen degradation.
Conclusions Drawn
- Both lidocaine and mepivacaine were found to spur changes in the SF that indicated inflammation and collagen degradation. However, the extent of such changes was more pronounced in the case of lidocaine.
- The preservative methyl parahydroxybenzoate, on the other hand, showed no signs of causing inflammation as per the SF samples.
- Based on these outcomes, the study concluded that intra-articular injections of mepivacaine appear to be safer than lidocaine for horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Adler DMT, Serteyn D, Franck T, Jørgensen E, Christophersen MT, Denwood M, Verwilghen DR.
(2020).
Effects of intra-articular administration of lidocaine, mepivacaine, and the preservative methyl parahydroxybenzoate on synovial fluid biomarkers of horses.
Am J Vet Res, 81(6), 479-487.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.81.6.479 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomarkers
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horses
- Injections, Intra-Articular / veterinary
- Lidocaine / therapeutic use
- Mepivacaine / therapeutic use
- Synovial Fluid
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Jacobsen S, Mortensen CD, Høj EA, Vinther AM, Berg LC, Adler DMT, Verwilghen D, van Galen G. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Synovial Fluid from Horses with and without Septic Arthritis. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 21;13(1).
- Adler DMT, Jørgensen E, Cornett C. The concentration of lidocaine and mepivacaine measured in synovial fluid of different joints of horses after single intra-articular injection. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:1007399.
- Frydendal C, Nielsen KB, Berg LC, van Galen G, Adler DMT, Andreassen SM, Jacobsen S. Influence of clinical and experimental intra-articular inflammation on neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations in horses. Vet Surg 2021 Apr;50(3):641-649.
- Dörner C, Lagos N, Oyaneder L, Menarim BC, Ramírez-Toloza G. Synovial Fluid Biomarker Profile After Intra-Articular Administration of Neosaxitoxin in Horses: A Feasibility Study. Animals (Basel) 2025 Aug 21;15(16).
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