Effects of intramuscular administration of acepromazine on palmar digital blood flow, palmar digital arterial pressure, transverse facial arterial pressure, and packed cell volume in clinically healthy, conscious horses.
Abstract: To determine the magnitude and duration of effects of acepromazine administered intramuscularly (IM) on digital and systemic hemodynamic variables in clinically healthy horses. Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Healthy adult horses (n=12). Methods- An ultrasonic Doppler flow probe was surgically implanted around the medial palmar digital artery before the study. Catheters were inserted in the transverse facial artery, lateral palmar digital artery, and jugular vein. A treatment group (n=6) was administered 0.04 mg/kg body weight of acepromazine IM; control horses (n=6) were administered an equivalent volume of saline IM. Palmar digital blood flow, and digital and facial arterial pressures were measured at baseline and for 6 hours after administration. Venous blood was collected for measurement of packed cell volume (PCV). Results: Horses administered acepromazine had significantly lower facial arterial pressure compared with control horses administered saline. Palmar digital arterial blood flow in acepromazine-treated horses was not significantly different from that in control horses but increased significantly post-administration, compared with the respective baseline values for acepromazine-treated horses. PCV significantly decreased in horses administered acepromazine compared with their respective baseline value. Conclusions: IM acepromazine causes hypotension and increases palmar digital blood flow over time but the magnitude of the effect on digital blood flow was not sufficient to yield differences compared with saline-treated horses. Conclusions: IM acepromazine has a modest effect on palmar digital blood flow, facial arterial pressures and PCV in healthy horses with minimal sedation.
Publication Date: 2007-12-11 PubMed ID: 18067611DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00325.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article investigates how injecting acepromazine, a tranquilizer, impacts systemic and digital hemodynamic variables in healthy horses. It focuses on its influence on palmar digital blood flow, palmar digital arterial pressure, transverse facial arterial pressure, and packed cell volume.
Methods
- The study included twelve healthy adult horses, six of which formed the treatment group while the other six were the control group.
- An ultrasonic Doppler flow probe was surgically installed around the medial palmar digital artery prior to the study. Catheters were inserted in the transverse facial artery, lateral palmar digital artery, and jugular vein.
- In the treatment group, horses received 0.04 mg/kg body weight of acepromazine intramuscularly (IM). The control group received a same volume of saline IM.
- Measurements were taken for palmar digital blood flow, and digital and facial arterial pressures at the start and for six hours following administration. Venous blood was also collected for measuring packed cell volume (PCV).
Results
- Compared to the control group, horses that received acepromazine had considerably lower facial arterial pressure.
- There was no significant difference in palmar digital arterial blood flow between the acepromazine-treated horses and control horses. However, post-administration, this parameter significantly increased in acepromazine-treated horses compared to their respective baseline values.
- In acepromazine-treated horses, PCV noticeably decreased compared to their baseline value.
Conclusions
- Intramuscular acepromazine induced hypotension and raised palmar digital blood flow over time. However, its impact on digital blood flow was not significant enough to show differences when compared with saline-treated horses.
- Intramuscular acepromazine has a modest effect on palmar digital blood flow, facial arterial pressures and PCV in healthy horses, causing minimal sedation.
Cite This Article
APA
Leise BS, Fugler LA, Stokes AM, Eades SC, Moore RM.
(2007).
Effects of intramuscular administration of acepromazine on palmar digital blood flow, palmar digital arterial pressure, transverse facial arterial pressure, and packed cell volume in clinically healthy, conscious horses.
Vet Surg, 36(8), 717-723.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00325.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Health Studies Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. bleise@vetmed.lsu.edu
MeSH Terms
- Acepromazine / pharmacology
- Animals
- Blood Flow Velocity / drug effects
- Blood Flow Velocity / physiology
- Blood Flow Velocity / veterinary
- Dopamine Antagonists / pharmacology
- Foot Diseases / blood
- Foot Diseases / drug therapy
- Foot Diseases / veterinary
- Hematocrit / veterinary
- Hoof and Claw / blood supply
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horses
- Injections, Intramuscular / veterinary
- Lameness, Animal / blood
- Lameness, Animal / drug therapy
- Lameness, Animal / prevention & control
- Random Allocation
- Regional Blood Flow / drug effects
- Ultrasonography, Doppler / veterinary
- Vasodilation / drug effects
- Vasodilation / physiology
- Vasodilator Agents / pharmacology
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Heliczer N, Lorello O, Casoni D, Navas de Solis C. Accuracy and Precision of Noninvasive Blood Pressure in Normo-, Hyper-, and Hypotensive Standing and Anesthetized Adult Horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2016 May;30(3):866-72.
- Pequito M, Amory H, de Moffarts B, Busoni V, Serteyn D, Sandersen C. Evaluation of acepromazine-induced hemodynamic alterations and reversal with norepinephrine infusion in standing horses.. Can Vet J 2013 Feb;54(2):150-6.
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